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Understanding Work and Slope on Inclined Planes

This journal activity focuses on inclined planes and the calculations related to output work (OW), input work (IW), slope, ideal mechanical advantage (IMA), actual mechanical advantage (AMA), and efficiency. Students will draw diagrams of inclined planes, label specific values such as load and effort forces, and distances. Through these tasks, students will compute output and input work, determine the slope of the incline, and calculate IMA, AMA, and efficiency percentages based on given forces and distances, enhancing their understanding of physical principles.

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Understanding Work and Slope on Inclined Planes

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  1. Problem 1 Output Work, Input Work, Slope

  2. Complete the following: In your journal, • Draw a picture of an inclined plane • Place the following labels and values in the correct locations: • Load Force = 20 Newton’s • Load Distance = 3 m • Effort Force = 15 Newton’s • Effort Distance = 5 m • Rise = 3 m • Run = 4m • Calculate Output Work? • Calculate Input Work? • What is the slope of the incline?

  3. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 Slope = .75 <---------Rise--------3 m--------------- Slope Slope = 3 (rise) 4 (run) Slope = Rise Run <--------------------Run---4 m--------------------

  4. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 60 Joules OW = 60 Joules --------Load Force----20 Newton’s---- <---------Rise--------3 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---3 m--------- Output Work OW = 20 x 3 = 60 (LF) (LD) Joules Output Work = Load Force x Load Distance <--------------------Run---4 m--------------------

  5. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED OW = 60 Joules IW = 75 Joules <------Effort Force—15 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---5 m----- IW = 75 Joules <---------Rise--------3 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---3 m--------- --------Load Force----20 Newton’s--- Input Work IW = 15 x 5 = 75 (EF) (ED) Joules Input Work = Effort Force x Effort Distance <--------------------Run---4 m--------------------

  6. Problem 2 IW, OW, Slope, IMA, AMA, Efficiency

  7. Complete the following: In your journal, • Draw a picture of an inclined plane • Place the following labels and values in the correct locations: • Load Force = 15 Newton’s • Load Distance = 6 m • Effort Force = 11 Newton’s • Effort Distance = 10 m • Run = 8m • Calculate Output Work? • Calculate Input Work? • What is the slope of the incline? • What is the IMA? • What is the AMA? • What is the efficiency?

  8. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 Slope = .75 <---Rise—(same as Load Distance)------6 m-------- Slope Slope = 6 (rise) 8 (run) Slope = Rise Run <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  9. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 90 Joules OW = LF x LD OW = 90 Joules --------Load Force----15 Newton’s---- <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- Output Work ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- OW = 15 x 6 = 90 (LF) (LD) Joules Output Work = Load Force x Load Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  10. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 90 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 110 Joules <------Effort Force—11 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- IW = 110 Joules <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----15 Newton’s--- Input Work IW = 11 x 10 = 110 (EF) (ED) Joules Input Work = Effort Force x Effort Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  11. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 90 Joules OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED IW = 110 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.67 <------Effort Force—11 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- IMA = 1.67 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----15 Newton’s--- IMA IMA = 10 ÷ 6 = 1.67 (ED) (LD) IMA = Effort Distance ÷ Load Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  12. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 90 Joules OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED IW = 110 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.67 AMA = 1.36 AMA = LF ÷ EF <------Effort Force—11 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- AMA = 1.36 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----15 Newton’s--- AMA AMA = 15 ÷ 11 = 1.36 (LF) (EF) AMA = Load Force ÷ Effort Force <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  13. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 90 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 110 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.66 AMA = LF ÷ EF AMA = 1.36 <------Effort Force—11 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- Efficiency = 82% Eff = OW ÷ IW x 100 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----15 Newton’s--- Efficiency Eff = 82% Efficiency = (90 ÷ 110) = .82 (OW) (IW) .82 x 100 = 82 % Efficiency = (OW ÷ IW) x 100 <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  14. Problem 3 IW, OW, Slope, IMA, AMA, Efficiency

  15. Complete the following: In your journal, • Draw a picture of an inclined plane • Place the following labels and values in the correct locations: • Load Force = 120 Newton’s • Load Distance = 12 m • Effort Force = 80 Newton’s • Effort Distance = 22.5 m • Run = 20 m • Calculate Output Work? • Calculate Input Work? • What is the slope of the incline? • What is the IMA? • What is the AMA? • What is the efficiency?

  16. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .6 Slope = .6 <---Rise—(same as Load Distance)------12 m-------- Slope Slope = 12 (rise) 20 (run) Slope = Rise Run <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  17. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .6 OW = 1440 Joules OW = LF x LD OW = 1440 Joules -----Load Force----120 Newton’s---- <---------Rise--------12 m--------------- Output Work -------Load Distance---12 m--------- OW = 120 x 12 = 1440 (LF) (LD) Joules Output Work = Load Force x Load Distance <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  18. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 1440 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 1800 Joules <------Effort Force—80 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---22.5 m----- IW = 1800 Joules <---------Rise--------12 m------------ ---------Load Distance---12 m------- --------Load Force----120 Newton’s- Input Work IW = 80 x 22.5 = 1800 (EF) (ED) Joules Input Work = Effort Force x Effort Distance <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  19. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 1440 Joules OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED IW = 1800 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.88 <------Effort Force—80 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---22.5 m----- IMA = 1.88 <---------Rise--------12 m--------------- ------Load Distance---12 m--------- -----Load Force----120 Newton’s--- IMA IMA = 22.5 ÷ 12 = 1.88 (ED) (LD) IMA = Effort Distance ÷ Load Distance <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  20. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 1440 Joules OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED IW = 1800 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.88 AMA = 1.5 AMA = LF ÷ EF <------Effort Force—80 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---22.5 m----- AMA = 1.5 <---------Rise--------12 m--------------- -------Load Distance---12 m--------- ------Load Force----120 Newton’s--- AMA AMA = 120 ÷ 80 = 1.5 (LF) (EF) AMA = Load Force ÷ Effort Force <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  21. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 1440 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 1800 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.88 AMA = LF ÷ EF AMA = 1.5 <------Effort Force—80 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---22.5 m----- Efficiency = 80% Eff = OW ÷ IW x 100 <---------Rise--------12 m--------------- -----Load Distance---12 m--------- -----Load Force----120 Newton’s--- Efficiency Eff = 80% Efficiency = (1440 ÷ 1800) = .80 (OW) (IW) .80 x 100 = 80 % Efficiency = (OW ÷ IW) x 100 <--------------------Run---20 m--------------------

  22. Problem 4 IW, OW, Slope, IMA, AMA, Efficiency

  23. Complete the following: In your journal, • Draw a picture of an inclined plane • Place the following labels and values in the correct locations: • Load Force = 18 Newton’s • Load Distance = 6 m • Effort Force = 12 Newton’s • Effort Distance = 10 m • Run = 8m • Calculate Output Work? • Calculate Input Work? • What is the slope of the incline? • What is the IMA? • What is the AMA? • What is the efficiency?

  24. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 Slope = .75 <---Rise—(same as Load Distance)------6 m-------- Slope Slope = 6 (rise) 8 (run) Slope = Rise Run Click to continue <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  25. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 108 Joules OW = 108 Joules --------Load Force----18 Newton’s---- <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- Output Work ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- OW = 18 x 6 = 108 (LF) (LD) Joules Click to continue Output Work = Load Force x Load Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  26. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 108 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 120 Joules <------Effort Force—12 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- IW = 120 Joules <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----18 Newton’s--- Input Work IW = 12 x 10 = 120 (EF) (ED) Joules Click to continue Input Work = Effort Force x Effort Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  27. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 108 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 120 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.67 <------Effort Force—12 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- IMA = 1.67 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----18 Newton’s--- IMA IMA = 10 ÷ 6 = 1.67 (ED) (LD) Click to continue IMA = Effort Distance ÷ Load Distance <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  28. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = 108 Joules OW = LF x LD IW = EF x ED IW = 120 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.67 AMA = LF ÷ EF AMA = 1.5 <------Effort Force—12 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- AMA = 1.5 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----18 Newton’s--- AMA AMA = 18 ÷ 12 = 1.5 (LF) (EF) Click to continue AMA = Load Force ÷ Effort Force <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

  29. Slope = Rise Run Slope = .75 OW = LF x LD OW = 108 Joules IW = EF x ED IW = 120 Joules IMA = ED ÷ LD IMA = 1.66 AMA = LF ÷ EF AMA = 1.5 <------Effort Force—12 Newton’s-- <------Effort Distance---10 m----- Efficiency = 90% Eff = OW ÷ IW x 100 <---------Rise--------6 m--------------- ---------Load Distance---6 m--------- --------Load Force----18 Newton’s--- Efficiency Eff = 90% Efficiency = (108 ÷ 120) = .90 (OW) (IW) .90 x 100 = 90% Click to continue Efficiency = (OW ÷ IW) x 100 <--------------------Run---8 m--------------------

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