SCIENCE

1. SCIENCE

2. PLANT REPRODUCTION

3. TYPES OF PLANT REPRODUCTION • THERE ARE TWO KINDS OF PLANT REPRODUCTION : SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION. • THE PART OF THE PLANT RESPONSIBLE FOR SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IS THE FLOWER. • ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION OCCURS WHEN A NEW PLANT GROWS FROM THE STEM OR LEAVES OF AN EXISTING PLANT. • ALL PLANTS. CAN REPRODUCE BY SEXUAL REPRODUCTION . SOME PLANTS CAN REPRODUCE BY BOTH METHODS .

4. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION • SEXUAL REPRODUCTION : IN PLANTS. A MALE SEX CELL AND A FEMALE SEX CELL UNITE INSIDE A FLOWER . THERE ARE DIFFRERENCES BETWEEN THE PARENT PLANT AND THE OFFSPRING PLANT.

5. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION • TUBERS , BULBS AND STOLONS ARE TYPES OF STEM : • TUBERS : ARE STEMS IN THE SOIL. • BULBS :ARE ALSO UNDERGROUND STEMS . • STOLONS : ARE STEMS ABOVE THE GROUND. • ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION THE NEW PLANT • IS IDENTICALTO THE ORIGINAL PLANT .

6. FLOWER,FRUITS AND SEEDS • THE FLOWER IS THE REPRODUCTIVE UNIT OF FLOWERING PLANTS. THE PARTS OF A FLOWER INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING : COROLLA, CALYX, PISTIL AND STAMEN. • COROLLA IS THE COLORFUL PART OF THE PLANT . PETALS FORM THE COROLLA. • CALYX IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THE FLOWER . SPEALS FORM THE CALYX. • PISTIL HAS THREE PARTS: A STIGMA, A STYLE AND AN OVARY. • STAMEN HAS TWO PARTS: A FILAMENT AND AN ANTHER.

7. SEEDS AND FRUITS • SOME FRUIT , LIKE THE PEACH, ONLY HAVE ONE SEED. OTHER FRUIT, LIKE THE APPLE HAVE SEVERAL. • SEEDS HAVE A PROTECTIVE COVERING. THAT IN SOME SEEDS, SUCH AS PEAS, IS VERY THIN. • AFTER FERTILIZATION, PART OF A FLOWER DEVELOPS INTO A FRUIT. ARE: • FLESHYFRUITS ACCMULET WATER. OF GRAPES, CUCUMBERS, APPLES ETC . • NUTS DO NOT ACCUMULATE WATER. ACORNS, CHESTNUTS, ALMONDS ETC.

8. FROM FLOWER TO FRUIT • POLLINATION • IS THE TRANSFER OF POLLEN FROM THE MAL PART TO THE FEMALE PART OF FLOWERS.Ñ • SELF-POLLINATE, THE POLLEN COMES FROM THE STAMENS OF THE SAME PLANT. • CROSS – POLLINATE THE POLLEN COMES FROM THE STAMEN OF ANOTHER PLANT OF THE SAME SPECIES. • THE WIND TRANSPORTS THE POLLEN OF WHEAT FLOWERS. • ANIMALS AND INSECTS, LIKE HUMMINGBIRDS AND BEES, ALSO TRANSPORT POLLEN.

9. FERTILIZATION • FERTILIZATION • A MATURE FLOWER PRODUCES SEX CELLS: MALE SEX CELLS, OR CELLS, OR SPERM, IN THE ANTHERS AND FEMALE SEX CELLS, OR OVULES, IN THE OVARY. • DURING REPRODUTION, A FEMALE CELL UNITES WITH A MALE CELL. • - THE ANTHER PRODUCES A LOT OF POLLEN GRAINS. • - THE POLLEN GRAINS FALL ON THE STIGMA • - THE POLLEN GRAINS OPEN AND THE MALE SEX CELLS COME OUT.

10. GERMINATION AND GROWTH • GERMINATION • A SEED PRODUCES A NEW PLANT THROUGH THE PROCESS OF GERMINATION. SOME SEEDS NEED SPECIAL CONDITIONS TO GERMINATE. • GROWTH • A PLANT GROWS GRADUALLY AFTER GERMINATION. IT KEEPS GROWING UNTIL IT BECOMES AN ADULT PLANT. SOME PLANTS ,LIKE TREES ,KEEP GROWING THROUGHOUT THEIR LIVES . THE LIFE SPAN OF PLANTS VARIES A LOT.

11. TREES THROUGHOUT THE YEAR • TREES CHANGE THROUGHOUT YEAR. • THE LEAVES ON TREES ALSO CHANGE .EVERGREEN TREES HAVE LEAVES ALL YEAR LONG.FOR EXAMPLE , PINE TREES ARE EVERGREEN . DECIDUOS TREES LOSE THEIR LEAVES IN AUTUMN. FOR EXAMPLE , APPLE TREES ARE DECIDUOS.

12. WHAT ARCREENHOUSE ? • GREENHOUSES ARE ENCLOSED AREAS WHERE WE GROW PLANTS.

13. CULTIVATING PLANTS • WE CAN CONTROL EVERYITHING THAT AFFECTS PLANT REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH.KEEP THE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY AT OPTIMUM LEVELS. • THE PLANTS GROW QUICKLY. THEY PRODUCE FRUIT SEVERAL TIMES A YEAR .

14. THE ADVANTAGES • GROWING PLANTS IN GREENHOUSES GIVES US A LOT OF FRUIT ALL YEAR LONG. EACH FRUIT HAD ITS SEASON. THIS IS BECAUSE WE GROW THEM IN GREENHOUSES.