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C omputer forensics and crime

Computer crime involves illegal activities where computers or networks are used as tools, targets, or sources. This broad landscape includes illegal access, data interference, electronic fraud, and more. With losses estimated at $10 billion by 2005, the impact of these crimes is profound. On the forensic side, specialists apply computer science to assist in legal matters by identifying and preserving digital evidence, while ensuring the integrity of the data. Key considerations include the balance between anonymity and accountability, and the preservation of evidence integrity.

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C omputer forensics and crime

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  1. Brendan James Computer forensics and crime

  2. Computer Crime • Definition (Wikipedia): • Criminal activity where a computer or network is the source, tool, target, or place of a crime. • Illegal Access • Illegal Interception • Data Interference (Deletion, Alteration) • Systems Interference • Forgery (ID theft) • Electronic Fraud

  3. Computer Crime Over Time • 1991 – Estimated $5B in losses due to computer crime • 2005 – Est. $10B in losses

  4. Computer Crime Issues • Tangible vs. Intangible • The amount of damage / theft a single person can commit is less restricted, compared to theft in a purely tangible world. • Unlimited information at their reach • From virtually anywhere • Legal + Illegal • A person might use the same computer for both legal and illegal purposes. • Depending on the legal purpose and the person’s country, seizing a computer may cause unforeseen problems. • The internet is open to all people, can everyone be trusted?

  5. Computer Crime Issues (cont.) • Anonymity vs. Accountability • Many people using computers for legal purposes desire to be anonymous • So do criminals • Law Enforcement and society may benefit more from Accountability • A middle ground: Confidentiality • You are essentially anonymous; your identification is known to a third party

  6. Class Discussion • Should an internet user’s identification be anonymous, confidential, known, or something else? • Should the same policy apply to all the internet, or should it vary based on the content, audience or

  7. Computer Forensics • Definition (Wikipedia): • The art and science of applying computer science to aid the legal process. • What computer forensics experts do: • Identify sources of digital evidence • Preserve the evidence • Analyze the evidence • Present the findings

  8. What might a computer forensics expert do? • Imaging of hard drives in a forensically sound manner (not altering any data) • Recovery of deleted files, emails, instant messages, pictures, audio and video files

  9. What might a computer forensics expert do? (cont.) • Discovery of evidence of websites visited and time spent viewing each website • Discovery of evidence of internet downloads, faxes sent and received • Preservation of legal chain of custody and forensic integrity of data • Third-party expert witness testimony

  10. Computer Forensic Cautions • Be sure that no evidence is altered, damaged or lost • No viruses are introduced during the analysis process • Evidence is handled so it is not compromised by mechanical or electromagnetic interference

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