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Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy Overview

Explore the female anatomy in reproductive physiology, understanding structures, functions, and interactions. Learn about organs, hormones, and processes in the female reproductive system.

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Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy Overview

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  1. Animal Science/Dairy Science 434 Reproductive Physiology Lecture 1: Introduction, Female Anatomy

  2. What is happening in this image?

  3. Instructions • Graded exercise (5 points) • On the card provided, list different things that you observe or know are occurring in the scene. (2 minutes) • Print your name • Form groups of 4 or 5. • Print the names of the group members on a separate card. • Take 2 minutes to discuss the scene and make a group list of what is occurring in the scene.

  4. Potential Ways To Interpret Image • Superficial • Looking into each other’s eyes • Touching • Physiological changes • Heart rates increasing • Increased blood flow to reproductive organs • Lubrication of vagina, clitoral enlargement, contractions of uterus • Erection of penis, contractions of epididymis

  5. Instructor • John J. Parrish • 714 Animal Science • parrish@calshp.cals.wisc.edu • 263-4324

  6. Laboratories • Tuesday or Wednesday • Room 134 Animal Science • 3:30 - 5:30 • may last until 6:00

  7. Text • Pathways to Pregnancy and Parturition • P.L. Senger • UW Bookstore • Library

  8. Web Page http://www.wisc.edu/ansci_repro/ • Syllabus • Lecture Outlines and Handouts • Labs • Old Exams • Project Information • Important Dates • Grading

  9. 434 Web Site Modifications • Updates may occur daily. • Lecture outlines and labs are currently for last year • 2003 lecture updates are usually done by 8:15 the day of lecture • 2003 lab material will be updated by the time of Tuesday’s lecture.

  10. Web Page Techniques • Netscape 4.5 or better • Internet Explorer 5.0 or better • Will work best from a campus networked computer • essential for video clips in WebCT • Display set for 800 X 600 • Frames were used in page construction • Printing (check FAQ) • movement within web site • Reload button (for lab computers) • the site is continually being changed

  11. Initial Syllabus Lectures Labs Handouts Old Exams Project FAQ

  12. Syllabus

  13. Important Dates • Lecture Exams • February 20 • April 8 • May 13 (12:25 PM, Sunday ) • Lab Exams • February 25 (given 3X on Tuesday) • April 29 and 30 (taken in lab) • Oral Final • April 7 to end of class

  14. Lecture Exam I 100Lecture Exam II 100Lecture Exam III 100Lab Exam I 50Lab Exam II 50Oral Final 100Project 200Lab Exercises 65Lab quizzes (start of lab; 5 @ 5 pts each) 25Lab quizzes (end of lab; 13 @ 5 pts each) 65 Total 855 Grading (Tentative) The final grade will be curved but generally ends near the following percentages: A (100-93%), AB (88-93%), B (80-88%), BC (79-70%), C (69-60%), D (59-50%), F (<50%).

  15. Lecture 1 Female Reproductive Tract Anatomy

  16. Learning Objectives • To learn the different structures and nomenclatures for the parts of the female reproductive system. • To learn the basic functions for the different parts of the tract and how they work together.

  17. Male Stallion Female Mare Equine - Horse

  18. Female Cow Bovine - Cattle Male Bull

  19. Male Ram Female Ewe Ovine - Sheep

  20. Male Boar Female Sow Porcine - Swine - Pig

  21. Male Rooster Female Hen Avian - Chicken

  22. Uterine Body Uterine Horn Uterine Horn Ovary Ovary Oviduct Oviduct Cervix Bladder Vagina Urethra Clitoris Vulva

  23. Rectum Uterus Vulva Ovary Vagina Pelvis Bladder Cervix Oviduct Broad Ligament

  24. Broad Ligament • connective tissue sheet which supports and suspends the reproductive tract

  25. Broad Ligament mesometrium mesovarium mesosalpinx

  26. Ovary - Primary Sex Organ • Functions • Hormonal • Estrogen • Progesterone • Female gamete • Oocyte

  27. Follicle Corpus Luteum Corpus Luteum Progesterone Progesterone Ovary - Estrogen, Oocyte

  28. Germinal Epithelium Cortex Medulla Tunica Albuginea Blood and lymphatic Vessels & nerves } Hilus Ovary 85% of Ovarian Cancers

  29. Ruptured follicle (ovulation) Tertiary follicle Primary follicle Egg nest Tertiary follicle Secondary follicle Corpus hemorrhagicum Corpus albicans Corpus luteum Atretic follicle

  30. Primordial Follicle Primary Follicle Secondary follicle Tertiary follicle • Flattened cells surround oocyte Nucleus Ooplasma • Increase in size of oocyte andheight of follicular cells Follicular Cells Oocyte • Surrounded by severallayers of follicular cells • Follicle forms a fluidfilled cavity • Differentiation of cell layersin the follicle wall Antrum Follicle Cells

  31. Tertiary Follicle Theca Externa Theca Interna Basement Membrane Granulosa Oocyte Cumulus Oophorus Antrum (Follicular Fluid)

  32. Tertiary Follicle Theca Interna Granulosa Oocyte Cumulus Oophorus Antrum

  33. Follicular Blood Supply Theca interna cells Basement Membrane Granulosa cells Capillary network Follicular fluid

  34. Secondary Sex Organ: A Series of Tubes to Convey the Oocyte/Embryo/Fetus to the Outside Serosa Submucosa Longitudinal smooth muscle layer Lumen Circular smooth muscle layer Mucosa Muscularis

  35. Functions of Oviduct • Gamete Transport • Sperm • Oocyte • Supports early embryo development • Transport of embryo to uterus

  36. Isthmus Utero-Tubal Junction Ampullary-Isthmic Junction Ampulla Infundibulum Ostium Fimbria Uterine Horn Oviduct Cumulus Oophorus and Oocyte Ovary Follicle

  37. Oviduct Ampulla Mesosalpinx Isthmus UT Junction Uterine Horn

  38. Oviduct Histology Mucosa • Ciliated Columnar • Nonciliated Columnar

  39. Functions of the Uterus • Muscle contractions • Transport sperm • Expel fetus and placenta • Absorption and phagocytosis • Partially prepares sperm for fertilization • capacitation • Provides environment for embryo and fetal growth • Hormone production • Prostaglandin F2a production

  40. horn Uterus (bovine) body • Bicornuate • poorly to moderately developed uterine horns • uterine body • one cervix cervix

  41. Caruncles

  42. Uterine Histology Endometrium Endometrial Glands Perimetrium Myometrium

  43. Uterine Histology Mucosa Endometrial Gland Endometrium Submucosa Myometrium Perimetrium

  44. Functions of the Cervix • Transport of sperm • Barrier to sperm (species dependent) • Reservoir for sperm • Blocking bacterial invasion during pregnancy • Birth canal

  45. Internal Cervical Os External Cervical Os COW Uterine Body • Cervix is composed of thick connective tissue • Mucus is secreted near the time of breeding and ovulation. Cervix Cow has 4-5 annular rings Vagina

  46. Cervix COW Internal Os Cervical Ring Cervical Ring Fornix Fornix External Os Fornix Anterior Vagina EWE Anterior Vagina

  47. Functions of the Vagina • Copulatory organ • Glands secrete lubrication • Birth canal • Glands secrete pheremones

  48. Posterior Vagina (Vestibule) Fornix Vulva-Vaginal Sphincter Mucosa Vagina Anterior Vagina Cervix Stratified Squamous Epithelium Columnar Epithelium Urethra Submucosa Submucosa

  49. Posterior Vaginal Histology Stratified Squamous Epithelium Mucosa Submucosa

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