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Understanding Hurricanes: Formation, Impact, and Management

Explore the anatomy, formation, and lifecycle of hurricanes. Learn about the devastating effects of wind, storm surge, and flooding. Discover notable storms and the impact of climate change on hurricane frequency and intensity.

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Understanding Hurricanes: Formation, Impact, and Management

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  1. Class #10: Tuesday, July 20Hurricanes Chapter 15 Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  2. hurricanes Chapter 15 Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  3. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-CO, p. 410

  4. Tropical Weather • Noon sun is always high, seasonal temperature changes small • Daily heating and humidity = cumulus clouds and afternoon thunderstorms • Non-squall clusters, tropical squall line, tropical wave • Seasons defined by precipitation as opposed to temperature Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  5. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  6. Anatomy of a Hurricane • Intense storm of tropical origin with winds greater than 64kts; typhoon, cyclone, tropical cyclone • Eye • Eye wall • Spiral rain band • Anticyclonic divergence • Latent heat Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  7. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-2, p. 413

  8. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-3, p. 414

  9. Stepped Art Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-3, p. 414

  10. Stepped Art Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-3, p. 414

  11. Stepped Art Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-3, p. 414

  12. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-4, p. 415

  13. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-5, p. 415

  14. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-6, p. 415

  15. Hurricane Formation and Dissipation • The Right Environment • Tropical waters with light wind • 26.5°C sea surface temperatures (June-November) • Surface converge trigger (tropical wave) • Coriolis effect: 5-20º latitude • The Developing Storm • Cluster of thunderstorms around a rotating Low pressure • Release of latent heat, divergence aloft Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  16. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  17. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  18. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  19. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 1, p. 419

  20. Hurricane Formation and Dissipation • The Storm Dies Out • Cold water, land • Hurricane Stages of Development • Tropical Disturbance • Tropical Depression (22-34kts) • Tropical Storm (35-64kts) • Hurricane (> 65kts) Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  21. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  22. Hurricane Formation and Dissipation • Topic: Hurricanes and Mid-latitude Storms • Hurricane warm core low • Mid-latitude cold-core low • Arctic hurricanes • Hurricane + upper level trough = mid-latitude cyclone • Hurricane movement • General track: west, northwest, northeast • Much variation Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  23. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  24. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  25. Stepped Art Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-12, p. 421

  26. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  27. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-14, p. 422

  28. Naming Hurricane and Tropical Storms • Process has changed over the years: • Latitude and longitude • Letters of the alphabet • Alphabetical female names • Alphabetical, alternating female and male names • Retirement (Katrina, Camille) Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  29. Devastating Wind, Storm Surge, and Flooding • Highest winds on the eastern side of storm (wind + speed of storm) • Swell • Storm surge on north side of storm (tide) • Coastal flooding • River flooding • Hurricane spawned tornadoes • Saffir-Simpson scale • 1 weakest, 5 strongest Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  30. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  31. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Table 15-1a, p. 423

  32. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Table 15-1b, p. 423

  33. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  34. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-3, p. 414

  35. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  36. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 2, p. 425

  37. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 3, p. 425

  38. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  39. Some Notable Storms • Camille 1969 • Hugo 1989 • Andrew 1992 • Ivan 2004 • Katrina 2005 Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  40. Some Notable Storms • Observation: Atlantic Hurricanes 2004-2005 • Abnormally warm ocean water and weak vertical sheer allowed for high frequency of hurricanes • Environmental Issue: Hurricanes in a Warmer World • No clear answer, need more data • Intensity and frequency most likely to be impacted. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010

  41. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Table 15-2, p. 426

  42. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Table 15-3, p. 427

  43. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-18, p. 428

  44. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-19, p. 428

  45. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-20, p. 429

  46. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-21, p. 429

  47. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-22, p. 430

  48. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-22, p. 430

  49. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-22, p. 430

  50. Class #10, Tuesday. July 20, 2010 Fig. 15-23, p. 430

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