Elaboration Paradigms Multivariate Tables

1. Elaboration ParadigmsMultivariate Tables Interpreting what happens to the 2-Way table when introduce test variable

2. Elaboration • Trying to specify what happens to the relationship between IV and DV when introduce T. • Possible outcomes: • No change in partial tables • Change in partial tables.

3. Factors to Consider in an Elaboration • Is the test variable an antecedent or an intervening variable? • Antecedent – precedes IV • Intervening – occurs in between Iv and DV • What happens to the original relationship between IV and DV when T is introduced? • Stay the same replication • Change  need to consider a variety of possible types of elaboration: spuriousness, specification, distorter or suppressor

4. Spuriousness • If relationship between IV and DV is weakened when T present then have spuriousness. (Qxy0 and Qtxy=0 pr negligible) • If T is an antecedent then have explanation. T explains relationship between IV and DV. • If T is an intervening then have interpretation. • Relationship between variables that produce spuriousness • QTX and QTY must be nonneglible • If Qxy =+, then QTX and QTY must have same signs • If Qxy =-, then QTX and QTY must have opposite signs

5. Specification • The introduction of T results in different relationships between IV and DV for conditions of T. • Can say that T specifies the relationship between IV and DV or that relationship between IV and DV depends on the level of T. Look for which attribute of T strengthens original relationship. • Before conclude that you have specification the difference for the partial Q’s > 10 points. See if the chi square for the partial is significant.

6. Suppression • Suppressor is present • The relationship between IV and DV is small or negligible. The introduction of the test variable results in swelling the relationship between IV and DV • When T raises a positive relationship between Qxy, then T must have opposite sign correlations with X and Y. • When T raises a negative relationship between Qxy, then T must have same sign correlations with X and Y.

7. Distortion • Distortion is present • The relationship between IV and DV is reversed when T is introduced. • When T reverses the sign of the relationship between Qxy, then T must have opposite sign correlations with X and Y. • When T results in reversing a negative relationship between Qxy, then T must have opposite sign correlations with X and Y. • When T results in reversing a positive relationship between Qxy, then T must have same sign correlations with X and Y.