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The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF)

The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF) European Child Cohort Network (EUCCONET) University of Vienna, 24 th of Feb. 2010. The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF)

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The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF)

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  1. The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF) European Child Cohort Network (EUCCONET) University of Vienna, 24th of Feb. 2010

  2. The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation (ESF) European Child Cohort Network (EUCCONET) University of Vienna, 24th of Feb. 2010 Welcome Prof. Dr. Germain Weber, Dean of the Faculty of Psychology /University of Vienna

  3. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Introduction Organizational Matters: • coffee, juice, mineral, snacks etc. to take – as long as supplies last; • lunch (~ 12:15): together at the mensa (few minutes from here);you get vouchers; • dinner (~ 19:45): together at the “Cafe Landtmann”; • WLAN: ("eduroam" and "u:connect" ) – UserID: euccone1; password: esf2010 Slide 3(of 19)

  4. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Substantive agenda Some questions: • Should the biological father or the everyday-caring father be taken into account ? • How should fathers be included in the studies? • How should cohort studies deal with a couple’s break-up, new unions and non-resident fathers, etc.? Aims: • define specific problems connected with the role of fathers in child cohorts; • discuss possible solutions; • share and consider experiences and knowledge on how to handle these questions in praxis; • create a scientific community working in the specific field of the role of fathers in child cohorts; Methods: • systematic reports from relevant cohort studies; Slide 4(of 19)

  5. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Divorce rate / Austria 1951 – 2008 (Statistik Austria, 2009) Slide 5(of 19)

  6. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Family Development in the Course of Life (FIL) – About the role of fathers University of Vienna, Faculty of Psychology Department of Developmental Psychology and Psychological Assessment • since 1990 • intercultural project (South-Korea, USA, Germany – East/West, Austria) about the • transition to parenthood Slide 6(of 19)

  7. Participation rates 3 mo. b. b. 3 mo. a. b. 3 yrs. a. b. 8 yrs. a. b. 11 yrs. a. b. 15 yrs. a. b. child - 164 (94 %) 117b (67 %) [71 %]c 143d (82 %) [125 %] 144d (82 %) [101 %] 137b (78 %) [95 %] mother 175 (100 %)a 168 (96 %) 152 (87 %) [90 %] 137 (78 %) [90 %] 135 (77 %) [99 %] 131 (75 %) [97 %] father 175 (100 %) 167 (95 %) 147 (84 %) [88 %] 124 (71 %) [84 %] 120 (69 %) [97 %] 119 (68 %) [99 %] Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 a in round brackets: percentages in relation to 3 months before child’s birth (175 = 100 %); b3 of these 114 cases are twins (117 at all); c in brackets: percentages in relation to 3 months after child’s birth; d2 of these 143 cases are twins (145 at all). Slide 7(of 19)

  8. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Instruments Mothers and Fathers: • Parental Role Questionnaire (Nickel, Grant & Vetter, 1990) / t1-t6; • Partnership Questionnaire (PFB; Hahlweg, 1979) / t1-t6; • Questionnaires comprising socioeconomic variables, parental division of labour, childrearing practices, pleasure in activities undertaken with the child, strain caused by the child, the importance of family versus work life etc. / t1-t6; • Temperament Questionnaire (adapted from Thomas & Chess, 1977) about the child’s temperament /t2-t6 etc. Slide 8(of 19)

  9. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 • Children: • Wechsler-Intelligence-ScaleforChildren (Translation: HAWIK-III; Tewes, Schallberger & Rossmann, 2000) / t4 • Effort Avoidance Test (Rollett & Bartram, 1998) / t4-t6; • Personality Questionnaire (newly constructed) / t4-t6; • NEO-FFI (adapted from Borkenau‘s & Ostendorf‘s Questionnaire, 1993) / t5-t6; • Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (adapted from Armsden & Greenberg, 1987) / t5-t6 • Inventory of the Dimensions of Emerging Adulthood (IDEA; Reifman, Arnett & Colwell, 2003) / t6; • Occupational Interests Test (Irle & Allehof, 1988) / t6; • Leisure Behavior Questionnaire (newly constructed) / t6; • Future Questionnaire for Adolescents (adapted from Oser, Horn & Maiello, 2000) / t6; Slide 9(of 19)

  10. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Sample (t6): Age: men: M = 46.8 years (SD = 4.5) (women: M = 44.3, SD = 4.0); Highest Education: 51% high school/university-level (women: 44%) Household-Income: 50% more than 3300,- € per month; Divorce rate: 22% Number of Children:1 child: 14%, 2 children: 33%, 3: 37%, 4: 13%, 5: 4%; Slide 10(of 19)

  11. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Scales of the Parental Role Questionnaire / fathers, t1 [1] Slide 11(of 19)

  12. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Scales of the Parental Role Questionnaire / fathers, t1 [2] Slide 12(of 19)

  13. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Clusters of fathers (according to the scores in the Parental Roles Quest., t1) Slide 13(of 19)

  14. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Development of paternal attitudes (t1 – t6) 1 = I completely disagree 2 = I rather disagree 3 = I rather agree 4 = I completely agree Slide 14(of 19)

  15. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Development of the scale “Equality” in younger and older fathers** 1 = I completely disagree 2 = I rather disagree 3 = I rather agree 4 = I completely agree Slide 15(of 19)

  16. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Slide 16(of 19)

  17. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Interaction effects between temperament development and parental partnership / t2  t3  t4 -.56 -.83 .53 .65 Anger proneness Sociability Adaptability Introversion Temperament with 3 years Conflict behavior (fathers, t4) -.31 -.23 Openness .58 Posit. affectivity -.72 -.22 Communication (mothers, t3) Sociability .60 -.25 Neg. affectivity .48 .84 .41 Effortful control .54 Temperament with 8 years -.31 Temperament with 3 months Irritability .59 .66 .61 Adaptability .24 Rhythmicity -.54 -.73 Anger proneness Tenderness (mothers, t3) Intensity of reaction .71 .87 Aggreeableness Slide 17(of 19)

  18. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Some conclusions and assumptions • there are interactions effects between different paternal aspects and child development, e.g. temperament or personality; • besides there are indirect effects of fathers, such as the significance of the parental partnership for the child development; • to have data also of the fathers, e.g. about their attitudes and partnership, is important 1) for understanding family dynamics and 2) for effective prevention measures; • fathers’ and mothers’ perspectives, views, assessment etc. of their children often differ a lot; without fathers’ data you only get incomplete impressions; • we still know too less about the role of the fathers; Slide 18(of 19)

  19. Harald Werneck Univ. of Vienna The Role of Fathers in Child Cohorts. Scientific Meeting of the European Science Foundation / Vienna, 2010-02-24 Thank you for your attention. Liebiggasse 5/1 A-1010 Wien Tel.: +43 1/4277 478-62 Fax: +43 1/4277 478-69 e-mail: harald.werneck@univie.ac.at www: http://homepage.univie.ac.at/harald.werneck Slide 19(of 19)

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