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Essential Question

Essential Question. What was the impact of the U.S. war with Mexico?. War With Mexico. Annexation. Texas voted in favor of annexation, to become a part of the U.S. Andrew Jackson refused to act. Problems with Texas. Northern members of Congress opposed Texas entering as a slave state

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Essential Question

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  1. Essential Question • What was the impact of the U.S. war with Mexico?

  2. War With Mexico

  3. Annexation • Texas voted in favor of annexation, to become a part of the U.S. • Andrew Jackson refused to act

  4. Problems with Texas • Northern members of Congress opposed Texas entering as a slave state • President Jackson did not want a costly war with Mexico

  5. President Tyler • Attempted to annex Texas • Northerners feared a pro-slavery plot • The Senate voted against making Texas a state

  6. Election of 1844 • Henry Clay (Whig) • James K. Polk (Democrat) • Victory for Polk

  7. Oregon Question • Both the U.S. and Britain claim this territory • Americans wanted “Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!” • Polk agreed to split the territory

  8. Texas • Oregon entered as a free state • 1845 – Texas entered the Union • Mexico broke off diplomatic relations with the U.S.

  9. Dispute with Mexico • No agreement on a border • Polk sent John Slidell to Mexico City as an envoy (representative)

  10. Troops in Texas • Polk ordered Zachary Taylor to lead his troops south of the Texan disputed border • May 1846 – news that Mexican forces had attacked Taylor

  11. War • Polk declared war on Mexico • Many opposed the war because they saw it as an attempt to extend slavery

  12. U.S. Military Strategy • One force moved south along the Gulf of Mexico • Second force moved northwest toward Santa Fe • Third force moved south to Mexico City

  13. War With Mexico • US forces won on all fronts • One small force continued on toward California

  14. California • US residents joined together under General John C. Fremont • June 1846 – declared independence from Mexico

  15. Winfield Scott • General who led US forces into Mexico City • Captured the capital of Mexico

  16. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • Feb. 1848 • Mexico gave up 500,000 sq. miles of territory to the US • CA, UT, NV, AZ, NM • Accepted the Rio Grande River as the southern border of TX

  17. Gadsden Purchase U.S. purchased additional land for $10 million from Mexico Arizona and New Mexico

  18. California Gold Rush • Discovered in 1848 • 80,000 “Forty-Niners” arrived • CA applied to the Union as a free state

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