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자동차공학 및 실습 자동차 냉난방장치

자동차공학 및 실습 자동차 냉난방장치. 전남대학교 기계시스템공학부 교수 임 명 택. 자동차 냉난방 장치 (Crouse & Anglin 2 , 55장). 환기, 난방 및 냉방 ( HVAC; Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning). 냉난방 장치 (HVAC). Ventilating and Heating ( 환기와 난방) Uncontrolled ventilation : 창문 개방에 의한 환기 Controlled ventilation

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자동차공학 및 실습 자동차 냉난방장치

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  1. 자동차공학 및 실습자동차 냉난방장치 • 전남대학교 기계시스템공학부 • 교수 임 명 택

  2. 자동차 냉난방 장치(Crouse & Anglin 2, 55장) 환기, 난방 및 냉방 (HVAC; Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning)

  3. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Ventilating and Heating (환기와 난방) • Uncontrolled ventilation : 창문 개방에 의한 환기 • Controlled ventilation • Ram-air ventilation • Power ventilating sys. : blower motor & fan (송풍기) Fig. 55-1

  4. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Ventilating and Heating (환기와 난방) • Passenger-compartment Heater (객실 히터) • Heater core • Heater control • Function control • Temperature control • Blower speed control Fig. 55-3 Fig. 55-1

  5. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Ventilating and Heating (환기와 난방) • Passenger-compartment Heater (객실 히터) • Valves for control • Function control • Temperature control • Defroster nozzles Fig. 55-4 Fig. 55-2

  6. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Ventilating and Heating (환기와 난방) • Rear window defogger • Heated windshield Fig. 55-5 Fig. 55-6

  7. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Ventilating and Heating (환기와 난방) • Solar-powered ventilation Photovoltaic (or solar) cells connected in series/parallel • Output drives a small ventilating fan during parking • Or charges vehicle battery on cooler days • Ventilation-air filter Fig. 55-7

  8. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • Automotive air conditioner (자동차 에어컨) 기계식 증기압축냉동장치로 승객실의 열을 제거 Fig. 55-8

  9. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • Change of phase (상 변화) : 고체, 액체, 기체 사이의 변화 다량의 열을 흡수(증발) 혹은 방출(응축) 동반. • Evaporation (증발) : 액체가 열을 흡수하며 기화하는 것. 온도가 높고 압력이 낮을수록 활발. • Condensation (응축) : 기체가 열을 내놓으며 액화하는 것. 온도 낮고 압력 높을수록 활발.

  10. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • Heat transfer (열전달) • conduction (전도) • convection (대류) • radiation (복사).

  11. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • Basic refrigeration cycle (기본 냉동 사이클) hi-pres. liquid (고압 액체), lo-pres. Liquid (저압 액체), lo-pres. vapor (저압 증기), hi-pres vapor (고압 증기) Fig. 55-11

  12. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • Accumulator (used w/ orifice) trap liquid refrigerant & absorb moisture) • Receiver-dryer (used w/ expansion valve) small reservoir for liquid refrigerant, absorb moisture Fig. 55-11

  13. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Refrigeration and Cooling (냉동과 냉각) • refrigerant (냉매) : • 저온{-(26~30)℃}에서 액체/증기로 존재하는 물질 • 필요한 성질 : 무독성, 불연성, 불활성, 금속/고무 등에 안전 • 오존층 파괴 현상과 대체냉매 • CFC (chlorofluorocarbon, Feon, R-12) • Hydrofluorocarbon (R-134a)

  14. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Compressors and comp. clutch (컴프레서) • Type of compressors (컴프레서의 종류) : • Rotary(swash or wobble plate), Piston-crank, Vane, Scroll, etc • Fixed- or Variable-displacement Fig. 55-16 Fig. 55-15

  15. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Compressor clutch (컴프레서 클러치) • Solenoid-type magnetic clutch in pulley (stationary coil) • Pulley turns w/ shaft or alone (when off, or cycling) Compressors and compressor clutch Fig. 55-18 Fig. 55-17

  16. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Compressors and compressor clutch • Air-conditioner safety devices (에어컨 안전 기기) • Ambient-temperature switch : opens comp.-clutch circuit below preset amb. Temp. • Low-pressure cutoff switch : disenges comp clutch if evap press. gets too low (lost refrigerant or oil) • High pressure relief valve : opens when hi-side press. gets too high (condenser blocked or system overcharged) • High-pressure cutoff switch : disengages comp when discharge press gets too high. • Thermal limiter and superheat switch : melts & opens comp clutch switch circuit on low press & high temp (lost refrigerant)

  17. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Heater-Air-conditioner • Automotive air-conditioners (자동차 에어컨) • Cleans, cools, dries, and circulates passenger compartment air. • Powered by engine; reduced engine performance & fuel economy. • Manually controlled or automatically controlled. Fig. 55-21 Fig. 55-22

  18. 냉난방 장치 (HVAC) Heater-Air-conditioner • Electronic Automatic temperature control (전자동 에어컨) Fig. 55-24

  19. 자동차공학및실습 끝. 고생하셨습니다.

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