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The Persian Wars and Rise of Athens: A Historical Overview

This presentation covers the key events of the Persian Wars, highlighting the invasion by Darius I at Marathon and the subsequent victory of the outnumbered Athenians, led by Themistocles. Following Darius’s death, Xerxes launched a larger invasion, facing Greek resistance at Thermopylae and the eventual Athenian naval triumph at Salamis. After the wars, Athens emerged as the leading Greek power, forming the Delian League under Pericles' leadership and establishing a direct democracy. The later Peloponnesian War with Sparta dramatically altered Athens' fate, leading to its decline.

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The Persian Wars and Rise of Athens: A Historical Overview

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  1. Ancient Greece Mr. Koch World History A Forest Lake High School

  2. Persian Wars • Darius I invades at Marathon • retaliation for Ionian uprising • Led by Themistocles, Athenians win though outnumbered • Build up warships for future attacks

  3. Persian Wars • Xerxes (son of Darius) sends larger invasion • Athenians now have support of other Greeks • Spartans fiercely resisted at Thermopylae (but lost) • Persians burn abandoned city of Athens

  4. Persian Wars • Athenians win naval victory at Salamis, then on land in Asia Minor

  5. After the Persian Wars • Athens now most powerful Greek state • Create alliance with other Greek states – Delian League • Under leadership of Pericles, Athens becomes cultural center • Develop system of direct democracy – but not for all

  6. Peloponnesian War • Peloponnesian League – formed by Sparta and allies against Athens • 431 BC - Spartans invade Athens (war lasts 27 years) • People overcrowded behind city’s walls - many die of disease • Sparta eventually allies with Persia and captures city • Athens still cultural center, but never the same

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