1 / 31

Optimizing Water Delivery System Storage & Its Influence on Air Pollutant Emission Reduction

Optimizing Water Delivery System Storage & Its Influence on Air Pollutant Emission Reduction. Steven Jin, P.E. The 4 th IGCC June 27, 2013. Water Transmission and Distribution Operations . Many water delivery systems do not own enough storage capacity.

harper
Download Presentation

Optimizing Water Delivery System Storage & Its Influence on Air Pollutant Emission Reduction

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Optimizing Water Delivery System Storage & Its Influence on Air Pollutant Emission Reduction Steven Jin, P.E. The 4th IGCC June 27, 2013

  2. Water Transmission and Distribution Operations • Many water delivery systems do not own enough storage capacity. • They adjust pumping to roughly match the water system demand variations. • More water is pumped during peak hour periods and less water is pumped during off-peak hours.

  3. Optimizing Water Delivery Systems 1. Pumping & Water Storage Optimization 2. Energy Use Changes

  4. Case Studies - Pumping Energy Optimization • DWSD (1993, 2007) • City of Pontiac (2009) • Monroe (GLPF, 2011) • Oakland County (2012) • Other Studies

  5. Optimizing Water Delivery Storage • Adding more water storage would reduce on-peak pumping requirements. • Pumps can be run at constant or near constant rates for both on-peak and off-peak periods. • That reduces energy costs by minimizing the electrical demand charge.

  6. Optimizing Water Delivery Systems 1. Pumping & Water Storage Optimization 2. Energy Use Changes 3. Pollutant Emission Reduction

  7. Emission of CO2 by Potable Water Delivery* • 40% of total U.S. CO2 emission produced by electricity generation • Water delivery energy: 3% of the nation’s electricity consumption • * University of Michigan Center for Sustainable System factsheets (online).

  8. Service Area – 1,000 square miles (population near 4 Million). • 2012 average water demand -556 MGD. • 2012 maximum day demand - 960 MGD. Example - DWSD Water System

  9. 5 Water Treatment Plants • 20 Pumping Stations • Over 3,840 mi Water Main • Serve City of Detroit • Serve 127 Communities (Distribution Systems) DWSD Water System

  10. Selection of Distribution Systems without Storage • Select 12 Largest Distribution Systems with No Storage (1/4 total DWSD demand). • DWSD Directly Pumping to Supply Peak Hour Demands

  11. Cyber water storages were added model (5 groups). • Peak hour pumping reduction was investigated by modeling. ModelingWater Storage in the System

  12. How Does Water Storage Help • On-peak water demand hours overlap all or part of the on-peak electrical demand hours. • With optimal water storage, on-peak pumping requirements can be shifted to off-peak hours. • Using hydraulic model to simulatehow water storage can help.

  13. Nuclear and renewable power plants can only be operated as a base plant (not as a peaking plant). • Nuclear/renewable plants emit no CO2. • Peaking plants are required to be started or shut off quickly. • Peaking plants are powered by natural gas & fuel oil. Facts about Generation

  14. Relative to other fuels, nuclear or renewable fuels are cheaper. • During low electrical demand hours, marginal power plants might be nuclear or renewable fuel type. • Shifting on-peak electrical demand reduce energy cost and CO2 emission. Facts about Generation

  15. Identifying Hourly Marginal Generation Types * *LMP method, by T. H. Carter, 2011 based on the studies using MISO’s data

  16. Regional Hourly Marginal Generation Types on June 27, 2012

  17. Using the LMP method to find hourly marginal generation types. • Using data in EPA’s eGRID to calculate pollution emission factors (in lbs/kWh). • CO2 Emission Rate for Coal fuel Generation is 2.07 (lbs/kWh) Calculate CO2 Emission Reduction

  18. CO2 Emission Reductionby Adding Water Storage(in 12 Distribution Systems) Energy Reduction x Emission Rate = CO2 Emission Reduction = 27,757 (kWh) x 2.07 (lbs/kWh) = 57,457 (lbs, or 26.1 tonnes)

  19. Water Storage Optimization Results (Optimizing 12 distribution systems for the maximum demand day, June 27, 2012)

  20. Verify the approach City of Pontiac: Typical Mid-Size Distribution System

  21. Serving a population of 50,000 • 2012 average water demand 6.8 MGD • 2012 maximum day demand 11.4 MGD City of Pontiac Water System

  22. Two Supplies to Pontiac

  23. Storage of Pontiac

  24. DWSD Supply Flow to Pontiac (Maximum Day, June 27, 2012)

  25. Modeled Supply without Using Storage

  26. Modeled Hourly Pumpage without Using Storage

  27. Water Storage Fill and Drain

  28. Pontiac CO2 Emission Reduction on Maximum Demand Day (June 27, 2012) Energy Reduction x Emission Rate = CO2 Reduction = 1,754 (kWh) x 2.07 (lbs/kWh) = 3,631 (lbs, or 1.65 tonnes)

  29. Conclusion:Reducing CO2 Emission by Optimizing Water Delivery Pumping & Storage 1. Pumping & Water Storage Optimization 2. Energy Use Changes 3. Pollutant Emission Reduction

  30. Questions?

  31. Thank you WWW.TYJT.Com 313-963-0612 sjin@tyjt.com

More Related