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Understanding Atomic Structure and Ionic Bonding in Chemistry

This educational content covers the essential concepts of atomic structure, focusing on atomic numbers, electron dot diagrams for elements like Potassium (K) and Bromine (Br), and the definitions of groups and periods in the periodic table. It also explores the principles of ionic bonding, illustrating how atoms transfer electrons to form compounds such as Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) and others. The content includes practice problems related to determining valence electrons and identifying atomic components in chemical formulas, promoting a comprehensive understanding of chemical bonding.

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Understanding Atomic Structure and Ionic Bonding in Chemistry

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  1. Bell Ringer10-22-09 Atomic number tells the number of _________ and ________. Draw an electron dot diagram for K (Potassium). Draw an electron dot diagram for Br (Bromine). What group is Br in? How many valence electrons does Br have? The period tells the number of ______. The group tells the number of _______. Tell me how many atoms are in this compound. CaCl2 Ca = ___ Cl = ___

  2. Ionic Bonding • When atoms form ionic bonds, they transfer electrons. • Gaining electrons • Losing electrons

  3. Electron Dot Diagrams • He 5. C • As 6. Al • K 7. Rn • Ba 8. Pb

  4. Ionic Bonding Examples • K + F 2. Mg + I 3. Be + S 4. Na + O 5. Al + Br

  5. Practice with Compounds • Magnesium Chloride = MgCl3 Mg = ___ Cl = ___ 2. Rubbing Alcohol = C3H8O C = ___ H = ___ O = ___ 3. Zinc Chloride = ZnCl2 Zn = ___ Cl = ___ 4. Aluminum Nitrate = Al(NO3)3 Al = ___ N = ___ O = ___ 5. Six molecules of water = 6H2O H = ___ O = ___

  6. Example

  7. What groups elements do you think would like to bond with each other based on their charges? • Look at the charges at the top of the periodic table you just created.

  8. Groups 1 and 17 • Groups 2 and 16 • Groups 13 and 15 • Those groups whose valence electrons add together to give you 8 (octet rule).

  9. Crystal Lab

  10. Clean Up • W cup up front and pour it out in the sink • C cup on back table • Salt and Vinegar on side table • Magnifying Glasses up front • Clean your table with a wipe if it needs it • Part of your grade comes from cleaning up!!

  11. Exit Quiz10-22-09 • Atomic number tells the number of _________ and ________. • Draw an electron dot diagram for Ca (Calcium). • What group is Ca in? How many valence electrons does Ca have? • The period tells the number of ______. The group tells the number of _______. • Tell me how many atoms are in this compound. H2SO4 H = ___ S = ___ O = ___

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