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Understanding Circuit Diagrams: Capacitors, Resistors, and Kirchhoff's Laws

This presentation focuses on understanding and analyzing electrical circuits involving batteries, capacitors, and resistors. It covers key concepts like Kirchhoff’s Junction Law and Loop Law, provides example problems for current and resistance calculations, and discusses practical scenarios regarding power in resistors. The implications of circuit diagrams on electrical safety and combining capacitors are also explored, enhancing comprehension of capacitance and charge dynamics in complex circuits. Engage with real-world applications and deepen your grasp of electrical principles!

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Understanding Circuit Diagrams: Capacitors, Resistors, and Kirchhoff's Laws

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  1. DAY 28 DC circuits

  2. Slide 23-3

  3. Slide 23-4

  4. Slide 23-5

  5. Drawing Circuit Diagrams Slide 23-12

  6. Checking Understanding The following circuit has a battery, two capacitors and a resistor. Which of the following circuit diagrams is the best representation of the above circuit? Slide 23-13

  7. Answer The following circuit has a battery, two capacitors and a resistor. Which of the following circuit diagrams is the best representation of the above circuit? A Slide 23-14

  8. Kirchhoff’s Junction Law Slide 23-15

  9. Kirchhoff’s Loop Law Slide 23-16

  10. Using Kirchhoff’s Laws Slide 23-17

  11. Series Resistors Slide 23-22

  12. Parallel Resistors Slide 23-23

  13. Example Problems There is a current of 1.0 A in the circuit below. What is the resistance of the unknown circuit element? What is the current out of the battery? Slide 23-24

  14. Example Problem What is the current supplied by the battery in the following circuit? What is the potential at each node? What is the current in each branch? Slide 23-25

  15. Example Problem Find the current in and the potential difference across each of the resistors in the following circuit. Slide 23-26

  16. Example Problem • As we saw in the previous chapter, a resistor connected to a power supply works as a heater. Suppose an investigator is using a resistor (a length of nichrome wire in an insulating sheath) connected to a battery to warm a solution in the laboratory. It’s a simple circuit: • What power does the resistor provide to warm the solution? The investigator then decides that this warming is happening too slowly. She has another resistor, but doesn’t have another battery. • Which of the following circuits will provide more power? Slide 23-28

  17. Electrical Safety

  18. Analyzing Complex Circuits Slide 23-29

  19. Workbooks 23.1-4questions 1-4, 7,10,11,16,17

  20. Capacitance and Capacitors The charge ±Q on each electrode is proportional to the potential difference ∆VC between the electrodes: Slide 21-36

  21. Charging a Capacitor It requires energy to charge a capacitor. This energy is stored as electrical potential energy Slide 21-37

  22. The Capacitance of a Parallel-Plate Capacitor Slide 21-38

  23. Capacitor Combinations Slide 23-30

  24. Checking Understanding Which of the following combinations of capacitors has the highest capacitance? Slide 23-31

  25. Answer Which of the following combinations of capacitors has the highest capacitance? B Slide 23-32

  26. Checking Understanding Which of the following combinations of capacitors has the lowest capacitance? Slide 23-33

  27. Answer Which of the following combinations of capacitors has the lowest capacitance? C Slide 23-34

  28. RC Circuits Slide 23-35

  29. Checking Understanding The following circuits contain capacitors that are charged to 5.0 V. All of the switches are closed at the same time. After 1 second has passed, which capacitor has the highest voltage? Slide 23-36

  30. Answer The following circuits contain capacitors that are charged to 5.0 V. All of the switches are closed at the same time. After 1 second has passed, which capacitor has the highest voltage? C Slide 23-37

  31. The action potential DepolarizationRepolarization Reestablishing resting potential Electricity in the Nervous System Slide 23-40

  32. Saltatory Conduction Slide 23-41

  33. Workbooks 23.5-7questions 20, 23, 27

  34. Summary Slide 23-43

  35. Summary Slide 23-44

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