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Refraction and Lenses

Refraction and Lenses. Chapter 9 lesson 3. Sunshine State Standards. SC. 7. N. 1. 6: Explain that empirical evidence is the cumulative bod of observations of a natural phenomenon on which scientific explanations are based.

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Refraction and Lenses

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  1. Refraction and Lenses Chapter 9 lesson 3

  2. Sunshine State Standards • SC. 7. N. 1. 6: Explain that empirical evidence is the cumulative bod of observations of a natural phenomenon on which scientific explanations are based. • SC. 7. N. 1. 7: Explain that scientific knowledge is the result of a great deal of debate and confirmation within the scientific community. • SC. 7. N. 2. 1: Identify an instance from the history of science in which scientific knowledge had changed when new evidence or new interpretations are encountered. • SC. 7.N. 10. 2: Observe and explain that light can be reflecte3d, refracted, and/ or absorbed. • MA. 6. A. 3. 6.: Analyze tables to describe simple relations using common language.

  3. Review from lesson 2 • Light can hit an object and be reflected. • If the surface is smooth and flat the rays creating a regular reflection. • If the surface is uneven the rays reflect creating a diffuse reflection. • Mirrors can be flat, concave, or convex. • Images that are produced by mirrors can either be real or virtual. • Virtual images are upright and real images are upside down because the rays cross at the focal point.

  4. What happens when light hits an object? • Not all light that hits an object is reflected back, some objects absorb and/or refract light. • Transparent matter such air, water, and glass allow for light to travel through. • When light travels from one medium to another it slows down or speeds up and bends at different angles. This is called refraction. • Mediums can include glass, air, and water.

  5. Refraction of light traveling through different mediums The light slows down and bends as it travels from air into water. The light slows down and bends again as it travels from water to glass. As the light travels back into the air it speeds up again and returns to its original angle of impact.

  6. Index of Refraction • The measure of how much a light ray bends when it enters that medium. • Matter with a higher index of refraction bends light more than matter with a lower index of refraction.

  7. Rainbows and Prisms • White (visible) light is • made of ROYGBIV light at • different wavelengths. • When light hits a prism • the different wavelengths • are refracted at different amounts. • The longer the wavelength the more it is refracted • Red has the longest wavelength and refracts the least. Violet has the shortest wavelength and refracts the most. • Rainbows are created because water droplets are tiny prisms that refract the light into the full color spectrum.

  8. Mirage • An image of a distant object caused by the refraction of light. • A mirage is an image of a real object formed by bending light. • When the temperature is hot the air closer to the ground heats up. This hot air allows the light to travel faster and refract up into your line of sight. • Appears to be a wet and glossy reflection from a smooth surface.

  9. Lens • A lens is a curved piece of glass or other transparent material that refracts light. • Like mirrors the type of image that is formed by a lens is dependent on the type/shape of the lens. • Lens are shaped as concave and convex.

  10. Figure 3 The light broken up into the color spectrum reflects of the back surface of the water droplet which acts like a concave mirror. As the ray of light enters the water droplet the light is refractedby a different amount Each color or the spectrum is refracted again as the light leaves the water droplet.

  11. Concave and Convex lens • Concave: • A concave lens is thinner in the center then at than at the edges. • The light rays bend that go through a concave lens bend away from the optical axis and form a virtual image. • The virtual image that is produced is smaller then the original object. • Convex: • A convex lens is thicker in the center then at the edges. • Light rays that go through the convex lens bend toward the optical axis and produces both a virtual and real image. • The real image is upside down and the object is further from the focal point, the virtual image is right-side up and closer than the focal point.

  12. Bill Nye Refraction Video • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=107503&title=bill_nye_science_guy___refraction_2_3&ref=Apbraget

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