Section 3: Life During Wartime

1. Section 3: Life During Wartime

2. African-Americans • 10% of the Union Army • Killed if caught • Many left for North • Sabotaged farms or led uprisings

3. Regiment’s leaders • All black army regiments were lead by white officers • Colonel Robert Gould Shaw became leader of the 54th Massachusetts in March 1863 • Recruited men throughout Boston • Overwhelming positive response • Mainly educated, free black men

4. Southern Reaction • Jefferson Davis issues proclamation • All African American soldiers and any white officer leading them should be punished by death

6. Tension within Regiment • Black soldiers were being paid $10 per month • Then $3 was withheld for clothing • This was NOT withheld from white soldiers • Many members of the 54th Massachusetts frequently refused their pay in protest of the inequality

8. Notable Fighting • Fort Wagner (July 18, 1863) • Charleston, SC • 272 casualties • Colonel Shaw killed in action • Union unable to take over the fort

9. Legacy • Word of the regiment’s bravery at Fort Wagner inspires black men to join the army • Lessens racial tension in the north • Colonel Shaw is buried with his men, all black, at Fort Wagner • William Harvey Carney awarded Medal of Honor

10. Southern Economy • Soldiers faced food shortage • Drain of manpower into the army • Union occupation of farms • Loss of slaves • Blockade created shortages of salt, coffee, nails, sugar, needles and medicine

11. Northern Economy • Industry boomed to keep up with war demand • Wages were NOT good • Women replaced men in the workforce • Established temporary national income tax

12. Soldiers • Hygiene was poor • Lice, dysentery and diarrhea • Poor food rations

13. Prisons • Andersonville, GA – Confederate camp • Overcrowded with the North refused to return African-American soldiers • No shelter • Drank from streams/sewer • Northern camps were cold and soldiers malnourished • http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/videos/andersonville_prison

14. Section 3: Life During Wartime

15. African-Americans • ____________________ • Killed if caught • Many left ___________ • ________________or led uprisings

16. Regiment’s leaders • All black army regiments were lead by ____________ • ____________________became leader of the 54th Massachusetts in March 1863 • Recruited men throughout Boston • Overwhelming positive response • Mainly ____________________________

17. Southern Reaction • Jefferson Davis issues proclamation • All African American soldiers and any white officer leading ________________________________

18. Tension within Regiment • Black soldiers were being paid $10 per month • Then _______________ • This was _________ from white soldiers • Many members of the 54th Massachusetts frequently _________________________________________________________

19. Notable Fighting • Fort Wagner (July 18, 1863) • Charleston, SC • __________________ • Colonel Shaw killed in action • ______________to take over the fort

20. Legacy • Word of the regiment’s bravery at Fort Wagner inspires _______________________ • Lessens racial ________________________ • _____________________, all black, at Fort Wagner • William Harvey Carney awarded _______________________________

21. Southern Economy • Soldiers faced food shortage • ________________into the army • Union occupation ___________ • Loss of ____________ • Blockade created shortages of ____________________________________________________

22. Northern Economy • Industry boomed to keep up with war demand • Wages were NOT good • ______________men in the workforce • Established temporary national ________________

23. Soldiers • Hygiene was poor • __________________________ • Poor food rations • Wounds usually led to amputation and death

24. Prisons • Andersonville, GA – Confederate camp • ______________________________________________________ • No shelter • Drank from ________________ • Northern camps were cold and soldiers malnourished • http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/videos/andersonville_prison