1 / 24

The Lead Acid Electric Battery

I. The Lead Acid Electric Battery. Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte:. -. +. Terminals. Oxidation at the Negative Plate (Electrode:Anode):. Sulfuric Acid Solution H 2 SO 4. Spongy Lead (Pb). Lead Oxide (PbO 2 ). Reduction at the Positive Plate (Electrode:Cathode):. Cell: 2 V

hanh
Download Presentation

The Lead Acid Electric Battery

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. I The Lead Acid Electric Battery Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte: - + Terminals Oxidation at the Negative Plate (Electrode:Anode): Sulfuric Acid Solution H2SO4 Spongy Lead (Pb) Lead Oxide (PbO2) Reduction at the Positive Plate (Electrode:Cathode): Cell: 2 V Battery: Multiple cells

  2. Batteries

  3. Kirchoff’s Rules • Conservation of charge • Junction (Node) Rule: At any junction point, the sum of all currents entering the junction must equal the sum of the currents leaving the junction. • Conservation of energy • Loop Rule: The some of the changes in potential around any closed path of a circuit must be zero.

  4. Energy in a circuit

  5. Series Circuit Apply the Loop Rule +

  6. Parallel Circuits + Apply the Junction Rule

  7. Rule Set – Problem Solving Strategy • A resistor transversed in the direction of assumed current is a negative voltage (potential drop) • A resistors transversed in the opposite direction of assumed current is a positive voltage (potential rise) • A battery transversed from – to + is a positive voltage. • A battery transversed from + to - is a negative voltage. • Ohm’s Law applies for resistors. • Both the loop rule and junction rule are normally required to solve problems.

  8. More about the Loop Rule • Traveling around the loop from a to b • In (a), the resistor is traversed in the direction of the current, the potential across the resistor is – IR • In (b), the resistor is traversed in the direction opposite of the current, the potential across the resistor is is + IR

  9. Loop Rule, final • In (c), the source of emf is traversed in the direction of the emf (from – to +), and the change in the electric potential is +ε • In (d), the source of emf is traversed in the direction opposite of the emf (from + to -), and the change in the electric potential is -ε

  10. Example Problem 1 Given: V = 3 Volts Find: current in each resistor

  11. Example Problem 2 Given: Find: current in the 20 W resistor

  12. Alternating Current

  13. AC Power ?

  14. Root Mean Square (rms)

  15. The Wheatstone bridgea simple Ohmmeter

  16. Charging a capacitor in an RC circuit Same Symbol At t = 0, Qo = 0 and

  17. Solving the charging differential equation Kirchoff’s loop rule Convert to a simple equation in Current by taking the first derivative w.r.t. time Separate variables

  18. Integrate the results

  19. Charge buildup

  20. Discharging the capacitor in an RC circuit At t = 0, Q = Qo

  21. Solving the discharging differential equation Kirchoff’s loop rule Separate variables Integrate

  22. Charge and current decay

  23. Charge and current decay

  24. Electrical Safety • Current kills, not voltage (70 mA) • Normal body resistance = 105W But could be less than 1000 W • Take advantage of insulators, remove conductors • Work with one hand at a time • Shipboard is more dangerous • Electrical safety is an officer responsibility

More Related