EU ETS & national inventory

1. EU ETS & national inventory Dušan Vácha dvacha@chmi.cz Czech Hydrometeorological Institute Copenhagen, 10. 2. 2006

2. Content • Situation in the Czech Republic • national inventory (system) • trading scheme • Combustion • Oxidation factors • Emission factors • Net calorific values • Processes • Weighted averages • Confidentiality

3. Situation in the Czech Republic - inventory • Czech Hydrometeorological Institute • since 1995 prepare „official“ GHG emissions inventory • in 2005 designated by ME as a single entity responsible for GHG inventory preparation (NIS) • activity data is based mainly on the official documents of the Czech Statistical Office (Czech Statistical Yearbook, Czech Energy Balance) • EF, Ox. factors are based mainly on default values

4. Situation in the Czech Republic – ETS • competent authority is ME • close cooperation with CHMI – methodology, expert advice • CEI, Cenia – technology experts • approximately 430 installations • power and heating plants, metallurgical complexes, cement plants and refineries play a significant role • main fuel is coal • data for NAP (1999-2001) • EF, Ox.F – default values • NCV – installations data • 2005-2008 • Ox.F. – default • EF – default, laboratory, calculated (gas fuels) • NCV – laboratory, fuel supplier

5. Situation in the Czech Republic – ETS table I

6. Situation in the Czech Republic – ETS table II

7. Oxidation factors

8. Emission factors • Tier 1 • default IPCC • Tier 2a • national values from latest national inventory, but neither NIR nor CRF tables includes so detailed data (in the CR) • Tier 2b • correlation • Tier 3 • laboratory (only some installation) • Some operators • use national correlation for coal • calculation for gaseous fuels (biogas, gaseous fuels in refinery and steelworks, …)

9. Emission factors – national correlation for coal • For czech coals (brown and hard) was derived (1999) this formula describing correlation between Net Calorific Values and CEF (EF) • CEF (t C/TJ) = 10 * (2,333 + 5,511 / NCV (MJ/kg)) • EF (t CO2/TJ)= …….* 44/12 • ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ • More information in: • P. Fott: Environmental Science and Policy, 2 (1999), 347-354

10. Emission factor – national correlation for coal

11. EFs for gaseous fuel I • Calculation is based on chemical characteristic of individual gases in gaseous fuels. • Basic information is chemical composition of these fuels (emission factor per volume unit) • EF(t CO2/thous. m3) = density CO2 * SUM (Nci * Yi) • where Nci is amount of C atoms in molecule of gas i • and Yi is volume fraction of gas i • Example – converter gas: 1%H2, 17%CO2, 63%CO • EF(t CO2/thous. m3) = 1,963 (kg / Nm3)*(0,17 + 0,63) = • 1,571 • For annual EF is needed weighted average per year

12. EF for gaseous fuel I • Net calorific value calculation from NCF of individual gases • Q = Suma ( Yi * Qi) • (only combustible gases) • Example - converter gas: 1%H2, 17%CO2, 63%CO • H2 CO • Q=10,71*0,01 + 12,61*0,63 = 8,05 MJ/Nm3 • EF = 1,571 / 0,00805 = 195,13 t CO2 / TJ

13. Calculation spreadsheet for gaseous fuels • ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ • More information in: • Kolar F., Fott P., Svitilova J.: Emissions of Carbon Dioxide of Gaseous • Fuels Calculated from their Composition, Acta Geodynamica et • Geomaterialia (ISSN 1211-1910) Vol.1, No.2 (134), 279-287, 2004

14. Net calorific values I • Tier 1 • country specific IPCC • Out-of-date, general information, not enough categories (liquid), in many (all) cases are available higher tier data • Tier 2 • country specific – national inventory • but neither NIR nor CRF tables includes so detailed data (in the CR) • another national data (CSO, MT, REZZO – Register of Emissions and Sources of Air Pollution) • 2 200 sources, basic database for calculation country specific NCV • Tier 3 • laboratory • supplier data or own laboratory data

15. Processes • In general all EF are similar (based on stoichiometry) • Changes in activity data and methodology • Cement production • National inventory – Tier 1 – cement production, default EF • ETS – precise data about lime and dolomite • „new“ atypical fuel (waste) • NEW - Tier 2 methodology – clinker (country specific EF derived from ETS data) • Ceramics production • new sources of emissions (calcination, organic material in the clay), approximately 150 kt CO2

16. Weighted averages • Some operators had problems how to calculate weighted averages of EF (and Ox. factors) • values are weighted with product of previous parameters

17. Confidentiality • All data are available for national inventory team • this is consequence of very close and wide cooperation between ME a CHMI (on CHMI was processing all data for NAP 2005-2007 and it is planning to process data for NAP 2008-2012 (data for 2002-2005)). For this reason was prepared Excel sheet which is based on M&R Guidelines. • For others are available only summary data for defined sectors or total emissions per installations

18. Reporting • easy and simple form for operators • automatic lists (fuels, material, categories, tiers, EF, NCV, Ox.F., …) • special program for automatic processing (transcription of selected data to database) • only in Czech • http://www.env.cz/AIS/web.nsf/pages/overovani

19. Thank you for your attention • More information on: • www.chmi.cz/cc/ - national inventory • www.env.cz - ETS