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ICAO WG-F Meeting – Paris, France March 2011 Mr. Joseph Cramer

Update on Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC) ITU-R Update and Future Regulatory Considerations. ICAO WG-F Meeting – Paris, France March 2011 Mr. Joseph Cramer. Agenda. AVSI and WAIC Importance of WAIC WRC-12 Agenda Item Potentially Impacting WAIC AI 1.12 ITU-R Update

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ICAO WG-F Meeting – Paris, France March 2011 Mr. Joseph Cramer

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  1. Update on Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC)ITU-R Update and Future RegulatoryConsiderations ICAO WG-F Meeting – Paris, France March 2011 Mr. Joseph Cramer

  2. Agenda • AVSI and WAIC • Importance of WAIC • WRC-12 Agenda Item Potentially Impacting WAIC • AI 1.12 • ITU-R Update • Future WRC Agenda Item Proposals • Agenda Item 8.2 • ICAO and Future Course of Action • ICAO and CEPT Support

  3. AVSI and WAIC • What is the Aerospace Vehicle Systems Institute (AVSI) • Aerospace Vehicle System Institute - A cooperative of companies, academia and government agencies. • Focus on developing improved aerospace vehicles. • Creates an environment for collaboration on research and development projects; investigates emerging technologies; and influences standards and policies to promote cost effective systems development and certification. • What is Wireless Avionics Intra Communications (WAIC) • ITU-R Report M.2197 • Radiocommunication between two or more points on a single aircraft. • Includes integrated wireless components and/or installed components. • Part of a closed, exclusive network required for operation of the aircraft. • Does not provide air-to-ground, air to satellite, or air-to-air communications. • Only safety related applications are being contemplated. • Not for passengers or in-flight entertainment

  4. Importance of WAIC to Aviation Industry • Environmental Benefits • Goal is to reduce wiring and associated aircraft weight, enabling less fuel burn. • Increased Reliability • Fewer connector pins/failures, cracked insulation, & broken conductors. • Mesh networks could provide redundancy in emergencies. • Safety Improvements: • Wireless links can provide redundancy • Reduce amount of aging wiring and associated malfunction issues • fewer connector pins/failures, lower risk of cracked insulation & broken conductors

  5. Importance of WAIC to Aviation Industry • Operational Efficiency Improvements • Ability to obtain more data from aircraft surfaces • Easier and more reliable access to maintenance data, particularly for rotating and moving parts (e.g. wheel wells, actuators, etc.) • Less wire maintenance to remediate chafing conditions • Simplify and reduce life-cycle cost of airplane wiring • Reduced weight should save fuel costs

  6. WAIC Technical Characteristics • WAIC is based on short range radio technology (< 100m) • WAIC will utilize low transmission power (< 10 mW) • Most applications are internal - within fuselage/cabin • External transmission via directive antennas (e.g. landing gear, wings) • Communication in WAIC systems takes place between aircraft stations (although both on same aircraft) • Communication in WAIC systems is related to safety and regularity of flight • WAIC systems will be installed primarily onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes

  7. Examples of Potential WAIC Applications • Low Data Rate, Interior Applications: • Sensors: Cabin Pressure - Smoke Detection - Fuel Tank/Line – Proximity Temperature - EMI Incident Detection - Structural Health Monitoring - Humidity/Corrosion Detection • Controls: Emergency Lighting - Cabin Functions • Low Data Rate, Outside Applications: • Sensors: Ice Detection - Landing Gear Position Feedback - Brake Temperature - Tire Pressure - Wheel Speed - Steering Feedback - Flight Controls Position Feedback - Door Proximity - Engine Sensors - Cargo Compartment - Structural Sensors • High Data Rate, Interior Applications: • Sensors: Air Data - Engine Prognostic - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Still Imagery / Video • Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus - FADEC Aircraft Interface - Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Audio / Video (safety-related) - Flight -Operations related Digital Data (e.g. EFOS…) • High Data Rate, Outside Applications: • Sensors: Structural Health Monitoring - Imaging Sensors (Still and Video) • Controls: Active Vibration Control • Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus

  8. WRC-12 Agenda Item Potentially Impacting WAIC • Agenda Item 1.12 • Seeks to determine if the aeronautical mobile service should not be permitted in the 37-38 GHz band • No current aviation systems in this band. • Until 2008, no aviation systems were considered in this band. • Given protection criteria for SRS systems, unlikely WAIC can use the band unless protection criteria are realistic. • ICAO Position • To oppose excluding aeronautical use of the existing mobile service allocation in the band 37 - 38 GHz. To support the use of technical protection limits to ensure that any future AMS system in the band 37 - 38 GHz will be compatible with other co-primary services. • CPM Report effectively removes ability of aeronautical systems to use band at this time.

  9. WRC-12 Agenda Item Potentially Impacting WAIC • Agenda Item 1.12 • CITEL Position – Consistent with ICAO Position • CEPT Position – Eliminate Aeronautical Mobile Service • APT Position – Support the sharing studies • ASMG Position – Support sharing studies & eliminate AMS if studies show sharing is not possible • ATU Position – TBD? • Aerospace Industry wants to protect Space Research Service • AMS systems will not interfere with Fixed Service applications.

  10. ITU-R Working Party 5B – Update • WP5B is lead ITU-R Group • WAIC New Report • ITU-R M.2197 • Technical Characteristics and Operational Objectives of WAIC Systems • Approved at November 2010 Study Group 5 meeting

  11. Agenda Item 8.2ICAO and Future Course of Action • Future WRC Agenda Item Proposals for WAIC • Proposals submitted by Germany, Brazil, and New Zealand to Regional bodies. • German proposal submitted to CEPT in 2010. • US proposal will be submitted to CITEL. (See ICAO Document IP XX for this meeting) • World-wide allocation(s) must be obtained • Spectrum usage must fall within ICAO Convention in order to obtain benefits for equipment certification. • US proposal is most specific – First look at “aviation” bands (AM(R)S and ARNS bands).

  12. Agenda Item 8.2ICAO and CEPT Support • Prior to and post approval of a WAIC Agenda Item, support from ICAO and other relevant bodies is required. • Need explicit support from ICAO at WRC-12. • WAIC’s safety benefits could be incorporated into the ITU-R Regulations in several ways: • AM(R)S (preferred option) • Aeronautical Mobile Service with Footnote providing priority • Addition of Definition similar to 1.79 for aircraft purposes • Need to consider how to meet ITU and ICAO requirements:

  13. Service Definition • Issues to Address Regarding Future Agenda Item • Under what Service should WAIC be classified? • AM(R)S - ITU-R incumbents much more motivated to oppose, but WAIC is not ubiquitous and is a low power radio technology. • AMS with footnote providing details for protection • Potential for weakening aviation safety argument. • Adding a definition similar to ITU-R 1.79: • on-board communication station: A low-powered mobile station in the maritime mobile service intended for use for internal communications on board a ship, or between a ship and its lifeboats and life-rafts during lifeboat drills or operations, or for communication within a group of vessels being towed or pushed, as well as for line handling and mooring instructions. • World-wide allocation(s) must be obtained • Spectrum usage must fall within ICAO Convention in order to obtain benefits for equipment certification.

  14. Service Definition • WAIC could be classified as AM(R)S - It complies with RR Article 1.33 • 1.83 aircraft station: A mobile station in the aeronautical mobile service, other than a survival craft station, located on board an aircraft. • A WAIC transmitter can be considered an “aircraft station” because it is located on an aircraft. • 1.32 aeronautical mobile service: A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, … • Communication between WAIC transmitters conforms with the requirement “between aircraft stations”. No requirement that aircraft stations cannot be on same aircraft. • 1.33 aeronautical mobile (R) service: An aeronautical mobile service reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes. • WAIC applications are defined as limited to safety applications. • WAIC systems will be installed onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes

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