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Understanding Plant Tissue Types and Their Functions

Explore the various types of plant tissues and their crucial roles in plant physiology. This overview covers the three primary tissue systems: dermal tissue, vascular tissue, and ground tissue. Dermal tissue is like the protective skin of plants, while vascular tissue facilitates the transport of materials through xylem and phloem. Ground tissue encompasses the bulk of the plant, involved in functions such as storage and photosynthesis. Each tissue type plays an essential role in the plant's growth, development, and survival.

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Understanding Plant Tissue Types and Their Functions

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  1. Äkuhý : 9 7 : ð™M…rŒ …uþeyku Mahendra Raval

  2. Ãkuþe :- • Mk{k™ h[™k y™u Wí…r¥k ÄhkðŒk ŒÚkk r™rïŒ fkÞkuo fhŒk fku»kku™k Mk{qn™u Ãkuþe fnu Au.

  3. Ãkuþe :- • Ëhuf MkSð SðLk yuf fku»kÚke þY fhu Au. • - yk fku»k™k ðkhtðkh rð¼ksLkÚke yMktÏÞ fku»kkuLkwt rLk{kýo ÚkkÞ Au.

  4. Ãkuþe :- • - Mk{Þ síkkt íku{kt swËkt swËkt fkÞkuo {kxu íku{Lkk{kt h[Lkkí{f VuhVkh ÚkkÞ Au. • - yk{, rð¼uËLk ÚkE rðrðÄ fku»kMk{qnku yÂMíkíð{kt ykðu Au. • yk fku»kMk{qnkuLku Ãkuþe fnu Au.

  5. Interdependent systems sugars water

  6. Plant tissues • Dermal • “skin” of plant • single layer of tightly packed cells that covers & protects plant • Vascular • transport materials between roots & shoots • xylem & phloem • Ground • everything else: storage, photosynthetic • bulk of plant tissue

  7. ðLkMÃkrík Ãkuþe MÚkkÞe Ãkuþe ðÄoLkþeÕk Ãkuþe Mkh¤ MÚkkÞe Ãkuþe srxÕk MÚkkÞe Ãkuþe yøkúMÚk {wËwíkf sÕkðknf ÃkkïìMÚk MÚkqÕkfkuýf yÒkðknf ykLíkhrðü ËoZkuíkf

  8. {q¤k„ú • «hkunk„ú

  9. ðÄoLkþeÕk ÃkuþeLkk fku»kkuLkk Õkûkýku • - ÃkuþeLkk fku»kku Mk{kLk h[Lkk Ëþkoðu Au. • - fku»kku Sðtík nkuÞ Au yLku Ãkkík¤e fku»krËðkÕk Ähkðu Au. • - {kuxwt fku»kfuLÿ yLku fku»kku fku»khMkÚke ¼huÕk nkuÞ Au.

  10. ðÄoLkþeÕk ÃkuþeLkk fku»kkuLkk Õkûkýku • fku»kkuLke ðå[u yktíkhfku»keÞ yðfkþ nkuíkku LkÚke. • - fku»kku{kt hMkÄkLkeLkku y¼kð fu Mkqû{ fËLke hMkÄkLke nkuÞ Au. • - fku»kku økku¤kfkh, Õktçkøkku¤kfkh yLku çknwíkÕkeÞ nkuÞ Au. • - fku»kku Mkíkík, fku»krð¼ksLk Ãkk{ðkLkku økwýÄ{o Ähkðu Au.

  11. ðÄoLkþeÕk ÃkuþeLkk «fkhku : • - yøkúMÚk ðÄoLkþeÕk Ãkuþe : ðÄo{kLk «Ëuþ{kt MkkiÚke xku[ Ãkh nkuÞ Au. • - yktíkhŠðü ðÄoLkþeÕk Ãkuþe : çku MÚkkÞe ÃkuþeLke ðå[u hnuÕke nkuÞ Au. • - ÃkkïìMÚk ðÄoLkþeÕk Ãkuþe : ðLkMÃkrík ytøkku{kt Ãkkïì çkksw Ãkh økkuXðkÞ Au.

  12. Plant cell types in tissues

  13. {]Ëqíkf MÚkqÕkfkuýf

  14. Cross Section of a Stained Leaf

  15. {]Ëqíkf Ãkuþe

  16. {]Ëqíkf ÃkuþeLke h[Lkk : • - fku»kku Sðtík yLku SðhMkÚke ¼huÕk nkuÞ Au. • - fku»krËðkÕk MkuÕÞwÕkkuÍLke çkLkuÕke,Ãkkík¤e nkuÞ Au. • - fku»kku ðå[u MÃkü yktíkhfku»keÞ yðfkþ nkuÞ Au. • - fku»kkuLkk fku»khMk{kt {kuuxe hMkÄkLkeyku nkuÞ Au. • - fku»kku økku¤kfkh, çknwíkÕkeÞ- Õkktçkk yLku Mk{ÔÞkMke nkuÞ Au. • nrhíkÿÔÞ Þwfík nrhíkfý Ähkðíkk nkuÞ, íkku íkuLku nrhíkfýkuíkf fnu Au. íku «fkþMkt&Õku»kýLkwt fkÞo fhu Au.

  17. {]Ëqíkf ÃkuþeLkk fkÞkuo : • - ¾kuhkf™ku Mktøkún - WíÃkkËLk fhðkLkwt fkÞo fhu Au. • - íkuLkk fku»kku{kt xurLkLk, økwtËh hurÍLk, rðrðÄ MVrxfku yLku yfkçkorLkf ÿÔÞkuLkwt MktøkúnLkwt fkÞo fhu Au. • - yLÞ Ãkuþeyku ðå[u hne Ãkqhf Ãkuþe íkhefu ykÄkh ykÃkðkLkwt fkÞo fhu Au. • - sÕks ðLkMÃkríkyku{kt íku ðkÞw¥kf ÃkuþeLkk MðYÃku hne ðLkMÃkríkLkk sÕks ytøkkuLku íkkhfíkk çkûku Au.

  18. MÚkqÕkfkuýf Ãkuþe

  19. MÚkqÕkfkuýf ÃkuþeLke h[Lkk : • - fku»kku Sðíkt yLku SðhMkÚke ¼huÕk nkuÞ Au. • -yk ÃkuþeLkk fku»kku økku¤ fu Õktçkçkku¤ ykfkhLkk yLku Mk{ÔÞkMke nkuÞ Au. • MkuÕÞwÕkkuÍLke çkLkuÕke fku»krËðkÕk yLku fkuýeÞ rðMíkkh{kt ÃkìfrxLkLke s{kðx ÚkkÞ Au. • - ¾qýkuykuLkk ¼køk{kt MÚkqÕkLk ðÄw nkuðkÚke íkuLku MÚkq÷fkuýf Ãkuþe fnu Au. • - fku»kkuLke ðå[u yktíkhfku»keÞ yðfkþ nkuíkku LkÚke.

  20. MÚkqÕkfkuýf ÃkuþeLkk fkÞkuo : • MÚkqÕkfkuýf ÃkuþeLkwt {wÏÞ fkÞo Þktrºkf {sçkqíkkE yLku ÂMÚkríkMÚkkÃkfíkk (LkBÞíkk) Ãkqhe ÃkkzðkLkwt Au.

  21. ËoZkuíkf Ãkuþe scleroidal & Fibre Cells

  22. Sclerenchyma • Thick, rigid cell wall • lignin (wood) • mostly dead at maturity • Support cells • xylem vessel • fibers • rope fibers • sclereids • nutshells • seed coats • grittiness in pears

  23. Ground Tissue Sclerenchyma 1) Secondary cell wall (+ primary) 2) Dead at maturity (usually) Sclereids : yrcfku»kku Isodiametric to irregular

  24. ËoZkuíkf ÃkuþeLke h[Lkk : • - fku»kku Mkktfzk, Ãkkík¤k Auzk Ähkðíkk, ºkkfkfkh yLku Õkktçkk nkuÞ Au. íkuLku ËoZkuíkf íktíkwyku fnu Au. • - fku»kkuLke rËðkÕk Ãkh rÕkÂøLkLkLkwt MÚkqÕkLk. • - SðhMk Lkkþ Ãkk{íkkt rLkSoð fku»kku çkLku Au. • - yktíkhfku»keÞ yðfkþ nkuíkku LkÚke.

  25. ËoZkuíkf ÃkuþeLke h[Lkk : • - ðLkMÃkríkLkk çkkÌkf, fuLÿMÚk økh, çkesLkk çkeòðhý{kt yLku V¤kuLkk Ãkku[k økh{kt fuxÕkkf ¾kMk «fkhLkk ËoZkuíkf fku»kku ykðuÕk nkuÞ Au íkuLku yrüfku»kku fu fXfku fnu Au. • - yrcfku»kku su íku rðMíkkh{kt Þktrºkf {sçkqíkkE Ãkqhe Ãkkzu Au.

  26. ËoZkuíkf ÃkuþeLkk fkÞkuo : • - ËoZkuíkfLkwt {wÏÞ fkÞo ðLkMÃkríkLku Þktrºkf {sqçkíkkE yLku Mk¾íkkE (ËoZíkk) Ãkqhe ÃkkzðkLkwt Au.

  27. sÕkðknf Ãkuþe : • çkt½khý (h[Lkk) :(1) sÕkðkrnLkefe • (2) sÕkðkneLke • (3) sÕkðknf {]Ëwíkf (4) sÕkðknf ËoZkuíkf (íktíkwyku) • sÕkðkneLkefeyu yuffku»keÞ ½xf Au. • sÕkðkneLke yufÚke ðÄw fku»kku ðzu MkòoÞ Au.

  28. Xylem vessel elements tracheids dead cells water-conducting cells of xylem

  29. sÕkðknf Ãkuþe™k fkÞkuo : • íku{kt Ãkkýe yLku ÿkÔÞ ûkkhLkwt ðLkMÃkríkLkk {q¤Úke yLÞ ytøkku íkhV, QæðorËþk{kt ðnLk ÚkkÞ Au. • - íku ðLkMÃkrík ytøkkuLku Þktrºkf {sçkqíkkE Ãký Ãkqhe Ãkkzu Au.

  30. yÒkðknf Ãkuþe : • - yk ÃkuþeLkk fku»kku SðhMkÚke ¼huÕk yLku Sðtík nkuÞ Au. • -çktÄkhý :- [kÕkLkeLkrÕkfkyku • [kÕkLkefku»kku yLku MkkÚkefku»kku • yÒkðknf {]Ëwíkf yLku yÒkðknf ËoZkuíkf

  31. Phloem: food-conducting cells • sieve tube elements & companion cells

  32. yÒkðknf Ãkuþe : • - yuf{kºk yLLkðknf ËoZkuíkf {]ík ½xf Au. [kÕkLkefku»kku yuffku»ke nkuÞ Au. [kÕkLkeLkrÕkfk yk ÃkuþeLkku yøkíÞLkku ½xf Au. • [kÕkLkeLkrÕkfkykuLke yLkw«MÚk (ykze) ËeðkÕkrAÿku Ähkðíke [kÕkLkeÃkrèfkykuLke çkLkuÕke nkuÞ Au. • - fkÞo : íku ¾kuhkfLkk ðnLkLkwt fkÞo fhu Au.

  33. yÒkðknf Ãkuþe :

  34. Longitudinal View of Phloem Cells

  35. Parenchyma

  36. Primary Growth

  37. Collenchyma

  38. Those would’vebeen great names for my kids! Plant cell types in tissues • Parenchyma • “typical” plant cells = least specialized • photosynthetic cells, storage cells • tissue of leaves, stem, fruit, storage roots • Collenchyma • unevenly thickened primary walls = support • Sclerenchyma • very thick, “woody” secondary walls = support • rigid cells that can’t elongate • dead at functional maturity

  39. Tracheary Elements Tracheids - Imperforate Vessels - Perforate Angiosperms (most) Gnetales A few Monilophytes

  40. Protoxylem maturation

  41. Vascular tissue • Transports materials in roots, stems & leaves • Xylem • carry water& minerals up from roots • tube-shaped dead cells • only their walls provide a system of microscopic water pipes • Phloem • carry nutrients throughout plant • sugars (sucrose), amino acids… • tube-shaped living cells

  42. Phloem: food-conducting cells • sieve tube elements & companion cells

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