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Key Events in International System Development

Key Events in International System Development. Key Events. The Beginning 18 th & 19 th Centuries 20 th & 21 st Centuries. The Beginning. Why is this building, the Friedensaal , significant to international relations?. Treaty of Westphalia. Signed in 1648- ended the 30 Years War.

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Key Events in International System Development

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  1. Key Events in International System Development

  2. Key Events • The Beginning • 18th & 19th Centuries • 20th & 21st Centuries

  3. The Beginning Why is this building, the Friedensaal, significant to international relations?

  4. Treaty of Westphalia Signed in 1648- ended the 30 Years War

  5. Treaty of Westphalia-1648 3 things came out of the Treaty: Sovereignty States System

  6. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  7. 1- Culmination of Multipolar System Power Pole Power Pole Power Pole 1 Power Pole = Unipolar System 2 Power Poles = Bipolar System Growing Power Power Pole 4+ Power Poles = Multipolar System Power Pole Growing Power

  8. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  9. 2- Evolution of Popular Sovereignty • Raison d’état(‘Requirements of the State) • Challenges to raison d’état • Push for ‘popular’ sovereignty

  10. 18th & 19th Centuries 3 Key Changes Impacted System Development • Culmination of Multipolar System • Demand for Popular Sovereignty • Westernization of International System

  11. 3- Westernization of Int’l System Scientific & Technological Advances • Guns & Gunpowder • Naval Technology • Industrial Revolution Colonization & Imperialism • What are these? • Where?

  12. The Americas

  13. Africa • Britain • France • Germany • Italy • Portugal • Belgium • Spain

  14. Asia • Britain • Netherlands • France • U.S. • Japan • Russia

  15. The Sun Never Sets

  16. 20th & 21st Centuries • World War I -1914-1919 • Bolshevik Revolution • The Great Depression • World War II -1939-1945 • Post WWII • Cold War Era -1945-1991 • Post CW Era -1991 to present

  17. World War I • Treaty of Versailles • War Reparations • Empires end • Ottoman Empire • Austro-Hungarian Empire

  18. Ottoman Empire from 1807-1924 • All of Austria, Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, • Large parts of Serbia, Romania • Bits of Italy, Montenegro, Poland, Ukraine

  19. Austro-Hungarian Empire 1867–1918 • All of Austria, Hungary, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Slovenia, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, • Parts of Romania, Poland, Germany, Italy, Ukraine

  20. Post World War I • Rise of Communist Russia • Rise of German nationalism Either Death to Capitalism or Death by Capitalism

  21. Post World War I • The Great Depression • Munich Conference • Sudentenland & Appeasement Policy Neville Chamberlain ‘appeasing’ Hitler, 1938

  22. World War II • European Theater of Operations • Pacific Theater of Operations

  23. Post World War II • Emergence of a Bipolar System • Formation of the United Nations • Decolonization • Self-determination

  24. War of Ideologies: Democracy v. Communism Securing Interests in Europe • United States • Marshall Plan, Truman Plan • North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) • Soviet Union • Eastern European takeover= Eastern Bloc • Warsaw Treaty Pact

  25. Cold War Foreign Policy • Cuban Missile Crisis -1962 • US Containment Doctrine • Nixon goes to China -1972 • SU invades Afghanistan -1979 • Brief era of détente

  26. Cold War Era-The Reagan Years • New Soviet Premier- 1985 • Perestroika (economic restructuring) • Glasnost (openness) • Berlin Wall is torn down -1989 • Eastern Bloc countries follow • Fall of the Soviet Union -1991 • End of bipolar system

  27. Post-Cold War Era • Multipolar System • Global North v. Global South • European Union • Expansion of EU in P-CW era • Adoption of euro -1999 • China joins World Trade Organization (WTO)

  28. Economic Global Division • Global North (light red) • Global South • Emerging Economies (dark red) • Developing (white)

  29. Post-Cold War Era • 9/11 • War in Afghanistan -2001 • Iraq -2003 • Global Economic Recession • Arab Spring -2011

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