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Understanding Seasons and Earth's Tilt

Explore how Earth's axis tilt of 23.5 degrees creates different seasons and daylight hours throughout the year. Learn about the impact of sunlight angles on temperature variations and day length. Discover how the tilt affects the North and South Poles, leading to phenomena like White Nights in St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Understanding Seasons and Earth's Tilt

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  1. Seasons

  2. Theearth’saxis, withrespectto the plane ofits orbit,isactuallytiltedat anangle ofabout23.5degrees. Thistiltofthe axis is thereasonwehave different hours ofdaylightthroughoutthe year aswellas differentseasons.

  3. During the summer,thenorthernhemisphere istiltedtowardthe Sun. Duringthewinter,thenorthern hemisphere is tiltedawayfromthe Sun.

  4. Whenthenorthernhemisphere is tiltedaway fromthe sunduringthewinter,thesunlightstrikes the Earth at a veryshallowangle, spreads out, andislessintenseat any given spot.

  5. In thesummer,whentheSunishigher inthe sky, the Sun’sraysshinedirectlyontothe Earth makingthe lightmoreintenseleadingtohighertemperatures.

  6. Another way thatthe tilt of theEarth causes the seasonsistodo withhowlongtheSunstaysin theskyeachday

  7. Inthesummer,since theSunishigher in the sky,ittakeslongerto travelfrom one horizontothe next. SincetheSunshines onthe Earth for a longertime period, the ground,air,andwater, becomewarmer.

  8. Inthewinter, the Sun sitslowerin thesky, soittakeslesstimeforittotravel from horizontohorizon. Since theSunshines onEarth for ashorter period oftime,the ground, air,and waterstaycolder.

  9. During the winter,sunlightdoesn’t reachtheNorth Poleat all.SotheSunneverrisesanditstays dark all day. • In the Summer, theSunneversetsat the North Pole, soitstays lightall day.

  10. Bothpoles, the northandsouth, experience6months ofcomplete darknessand6 months ofcomplete daylight. South PoleinMarchwithAuroraAustralis PhotobyPatrick Cullis,NationalScienceFoundation.

  11. St.Petersburg,Russia,experiences18hoursof daylightfrom May untilJuly. They call thisperiod the “WhiteNights.” St.Petersburg,Russia St.Petersburg,Russia WhiteNights

  12. Becauseofthe tiltofthe Earth, theseasonsinthesouthernhemisphere areexactlyopposite.- So,seasonsvarydependinguponthelatitude.

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