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ANThROPOLOgy Anthropology, known as human science in broadest sense, is one of the youngest disciplines, growing rapidly in the last century with its specific methods and point of view. The most important aim of anthropology science is trying to explain, together with other disciplines, both the biological diversity and the cultural diversity of human who is the main element of culture, through the course of the communities from past to present in which he/she lived.
Even though Anthropology resides within social sciences, it is the only discipline which is closely related with both Natural Sciences (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) and Basic Social Sciences. This aspect of Anthropology, tells us that it is composed of Social Anthropology (Cultural Anthropology and/or Ethnology) and Physical Anthropology (Biological Anthropology) Main Disciplines.
PALEOANTHROPOLOGY Human is separated from other living creatures as being the only one who wonders his/her past. It is the discipline that is related with human's need to know his/her ancestors, evaluation of fossil findings and skeletons taken from excavations, revealing whether he/she had health problems or not, determination of kinship relations with other communities, trying to explain environment and conditions of the day by interpreting the culture elements he/she created. It is in close relation with many disciplines such as geology, palaeontology, archeology, prehistory, osteology, odontology, anatomy, chemistry etc.
PHYSICAL ANThROPOLOGY Physical Anthropology is about human's place among world of living creatures, intra-species variations (biological diversity), biological structure, growth and development, genetic attributes and adaptation to environmental changes; it researches physical properties of human with metric and morphological methods. It tries to find reasons of diversity of living human groups, by taking genetic structure of the communities as a ground.
Physical Anthropology makes substantial contribution to sciences seeking solution to problems taking place within human biology - environment - culture triangle. As an instance, ergonomics which is trying to make human lives in better conditions, takes part in increasing quality of life by proving information related with physical structure and morphology of human in the fields of health, education, sports andengineering. Among the sub-disciplines of Physical Anthropology, biological diversity of human, human biology, human genetics, criminology, somatology, growth and development in humans and demography may be listed.
SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY Social Anthropology, examines the communities which are quite different from each other, that lived in the past and living today and culture of the communities. It is especially interested in life styles of communities. It examines relations of communities with each other. All kinds of relationships that constitute all parts of a community, such as behaviors, ideas, principle values, religious ceremonies, organization methods, technologies are within the subject of social anthropology.
Anthropologists have capability to work in public or private sector. Anthropologists serve in institutions and organizations within Ministry of Culture and Tourism (HAGEM, museums etc.). Furthermore they may also serve as social researchers in related departments of organizations such as State Planning Organization, Turkish Statistical Institute and TRT. In recent years, anthropologists have increasingly been employed within National Intelligence Organization.
