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Essential Question

Essential Question. Why did the Spanish and French build colonies in the Americas?. The Migration to America. Land Bridge to America. Look at the map on pages 18 and 19 of our text and answer the following questions.

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Essential Question

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  1. Essential Question Why did the Spanish and French build colonies in the Americas?

  2. The Migration to America

  3. Land Bridge to America • Look at the map on pages 18 and 19 of our text and answer the following questions. • What geographical event made the sea level drop to reveal the land bridge between Asia and America? • What other ways might settlers have made their way to America?

  4. Bering Strait • Separates Alaska from Siberia • Dry land during the last Ice Age • This land bridge is known as Beringia

  5. Beringia • People crossed by foot or by boat from the continent of Asia • Nomads moved continually from place to place

  6. Early Americans

  7. Mesoamerica • Mexico, Central America • Agricultural Revolution – maize (corn), squash, peppers, beans • First permanent villages

  8. Mesoamerica

  9. Europeans in North America • Name the three European groups which had the greatest impact on settling North America: • 1. • 2. • 3.

  10. The Spanish and French Build Empires

  11. Hernan Cortes • Hernan Cortes led an expedition to the Yucatan Peninsula • Purpose = find Indians to work Cuban farms and mines • 550 men, 11 ships

  12. Cortes in Mexico • 1519 – Cortes landed in the Yucatan Peninsula • Montezuma led the Aztec Empire

  13. Quote, Aztec writer “While the Spaniards were in Tlaxcala, a great plague broke out here in Tenochtitlan . . . Sores erupted on our faces and our bellies; we were covered with agonizing sores from head to foot. The illness was so dreadful that no one could walk or move . . . If they did move their bodies, they screamed with pain.”

  14. Spanish Victory • Cortes ordered a new city – Mexico City • Capital of the Spanish colony of New Spain

  15. Northern Spanish Exploration1513-1610

  16. Spanish Missions of Georgia

  17. Southwest Settlements • Failure to find gold, wealth • 1598 – settlers migrated north of the Rio Grande into New Mexico • Capital city – Santa Fe (1609-1610)

  18. Mining and Ranching • Spanish discovered silver • Cattle ranches (haciendas)

  19. Native Americans in New Spain • Native Americans paid taxes • Also worked as slaves in mines • Most died

  20. Jacques Cartier • First trip in 1534 for the French Empire • Mapped the St. Lawrence River

  21. St. Lawrence River

  22. New France • French fished off the North American coastline • Fur became fashionable in Europe

  23. Samuel de Champlain • 1608 – founded the city of Quebec • Capital of New France

  24. Life in New France • Colony grew slowly • Coureurs de bois – fur traders lived among the Native Americans • Jesuit missionaries

  25. French Explorers • Joliet and Marquette explored the Mississippi River • La Salle followed the Mississippi River all the way to the Gulf of Mexico

  26. Settling Louisiana • Desire to ship furs down the Mississippi to the Gulf • Settlements such as New Orleans • Labor intensive crops (sugar, rice, indigo) required slave labor

  27. French and Spanish Settlements

  28. France vs. Spain • Spanish founded St. Augustine in Florida in 1565 to protect their territory • 1690 – established first Spanish town in eastern Texas

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