Catalyst #5: November 17 th , 2014

1. What is the function of mitochondria? • Transport proteins • Produce energy • Synthesize proteins • Destroy waste • Why do plant cells need a cell wall? Catalyst #5: November 17th, 2014 • What is the function of ribosomes? • Transport proteins • Store DNA • Destroy waste • Synthesize proteins • What part of the plant cell produces food?

2. Agenda • Catalyst (5 minutes) • **Honors: Bacteria Culture, Day 1 • Cell Review Stations (Remaining) • Homework: • DBA #11 THE LAST ONE OF SEMESTER ONE: Due 11/27 • Honors Projects: 2 weeks and 4 days

3. Announcements • The Cell as a ______________ Mini-Project • DBA #10 • Dojo review • Discovery letters • Cell quiz TOMORROW

4. Review Stations • Handout • Instructions at each station (Right side versus left side) • Expectations: Your stuff, volume, when you leave a station

5. Catalyst: November 18th, 2014(4 minutes) Cellular Organelle Quiz You need a sheet of paper and a quiz 9 questions

6. Quiz Expectations • 9 questions • Don’t be a derp • Protect your intellectual property! • When you finish…

7. Agenda • Catalyst (5 minutes) • Microscope Notes(15 minutes) • Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) • Partner quiz: Remaining • Homework: • Dba #11: 11.27

8. Agenda: Honors • Catalyst (5 minutes) • Bacteria Cultures, DAY 2 • Microscope Notes(15 minutes) • Understanding the Microscope (10 minutes) • Homework: • HP: 2 weeks; three days • DBA #11: 11/27

9. Announcements • Office hours today! • Unit 4 study guide

10. Unit 4: Guiding Questions • What are all living organisms made up of? • What does each part of the cell do? • What different types of cells exist and how are they different? • What tools are used to study the cell?

11. Today’s Objectives • SWBAT determine the type of microscope to be used in a given situation • SWBAT identify and label the most critical components of the microscope • SWBAT calculate the magnification of an object based on the lenses used.

12. The Microscope Biology

13. Early Microscopes • Review– who discovered the cell? • Robert Hooke • English scientist Robert Hooke was one of the first scientists to create and use a microscope

14. Early Microscopes • Another scientist, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, built a microscope similar to Hooke’s and improved microscope technology in the late 1600s • Known as the “father of microscopy” • Used the microscope to view pond water I have gorgeous hair.

15. Improvements in Technology • Since the 1600s, the microscope has developed tremendously • These developments have given scientists the ability to study cells in greater detail than ever imagined

16. Modern Microscopes • Key Point 1: There are two main types of microscope commonly used by scientists today • Light microscopes • Electron microscopes

17. Light Microscopes • Light microscopes use a series of glass lenses and visible light to produce a magnified image • Key Point 2: Light microscopes are typically used to view only the basic features of a cellor microorganism • Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

18. Light Microscope • Scientists often stain cells with dyes to see them better when using a light microscope • The maximum magnification with the light microscope is about 1000x

19. Electron Microscope • Electron microscopes use a magnet to aim a beam of electrons at thin slices of cells • Key Point 3: Electron microscopes are typically used to view the details of cells, such as specific organelles • Mitochondria, ER, Golgi apparatus etc.

20. Electron Microscope

21. Electron Microscope • Onlynon-livingcells and tissues can be used under the electron microscope • Maximum magnification is about 500,000x • Much more powerful than the light microscope

22. Electron Microscope

23. Light vs. Electron Microscopes • Light Microscope: • Older • Imaged formed by light and lenses • Used to view basic structures of cells • Less powerful • 1,000x • Electron Microscope: • Newer • Imaged formed by magnets and beams of electrons • Used to view tiny details and structures of cells • Much more powerful • 500,000x

24. Parts of the Microscope • To the right is a picture of a light microscope • We will review the function of each part

25. Parts of the Microscope • A: Ocular Lens(Eye Piece) • Used to view sample • Magnifies the image 10x • B: Arm • Used to carry the microscope • C: Objective Lenses • Magnify the image 4x, 10x, or 40x

26. Parts of the Microscope • D: Stage • Holds the microscope slide • E: Coarse Adjustment Knob • Focuses the image • Always used first • F: Fine Adjustment Knob • Focuses the details of the image • Always used second

27. Total Magnification • Key Point 4: To calculate the total magnification of a light microscope multiply the power of the ocular lens(10x) by the power of the objective lens (4x, 10x, 40 x or 100x) • 4x (red) X 10x=40xtotal magnification • 10x (yellow) X 10x=100x total magnification • 40x (blue) X 10x=400xtotal magnification • 100x X 10x=1000xtotal magnification

28. CFUs: Parts of the Microscope • #1-5: Write the name of the part labeled by the number. • #6: What would be the total magnification of an object if the ocular lens is 10x an the objective lens is 60x? • #7: What type of microscope would be best to use if you wanted to see mitochondria in a cell? • #8: What knob do you always turn first to focus the image?

29. Microscope Partner Quiz • In groups of two or three • Each group gets a microscope (safely handling microscope demo) • Take turns pointing to different parts of the microscope and having your partner name that piece (with no notes!) • When you feel like you have prepared enough, raise your hand. • Ms M. will come and quiz you!