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Colonial Relations: Mercantilism, Salutary Neglect, & American Unity

Explore the dynamics between England and its American colonies by 1763, through concepts of mercantilism and salutary neglect. Delve into pivotal events such as the Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Boston Tea Party, leading to American unity against British oppression. Discover the birth of revolutionary ideas and the development of colonial resistance movements. Reflect on historical figures like Sam Adams and John Hancock as symbols of American patriotism and defiance. Uncover the seeds of American independence planted in the wake of colonial grievances. As we examine the push and pull of colonial relations, we unveil the sparks of patriotic fervor that ignited the flames of revolution.

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Colonial Relations: Mercantilism, Salutary Neglect, & American Unity

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  1. Lecture 2B Chapters 5, 6, 7 (Pageant, 13th ed.) APUSH 2012

  2. “Where there is a spark of patriotick[sic] fire, we will enkindle it.” -Sam Adams, c. 1770

  3. Turn & Talk About It Consider the relationship between England and its American colonies by 1763. • What aspects of their relationship benefit both parties? • What aspects of their relationship are of no benefit to or are neutral for both parties? … Please share your thoughts with an elbow partner.

  4. Thirteen (unhappy) colonies, 1763

  5. Revolutionary Ideas …

  6. mercantilism A policy adopted by most European kingdoms in the 17th century. Nations that pursued mercantilism viewed trade, colonies, and the accumulation of wealth as the basis for a country’s military and political strength. A nation’s goal was self-sufficiency, which was obtained by regulating trade and production. Colonies were to provide raw materials to the parent country for the growth and profit of that country’s industries. Colonies existed for one purpose only: To enrich the parent country.

  7. salutary neglect The term applies to the disinterest of the British in enforcing the Navigation Acts and other mercantile laws in the 17thc. and the years preceding the Seven Years’ War (i.e., French and Indian War) in the 18thc. With the unusual expenses of the French and Indian War the British government repudiated this policy in an attempt to obtain additional colonial revenues and compel the colonies to pay their share of the expenses.

  8. American merchants Winthrop Chandler (1747-1790), General Samuel McClelland (1730-1807), Woodstock, Connecticut, circa 1776. Oil on canvas, 51-3/8 x 46-1/4 inches. Courtesy of Winterthur Museum; gift of the Michael Miller family. 2004.67.1. Portrait of John Hancock by John Singleton Copley, c. 1765

  9. Colonial currency Two bits, Four bits, Six bits, A dollar ...

  10. Parliament acts … Sugar Act, 1764 Quartering Act, 1765

  11. The Stamp Act, 1765

  12. The Stamp Act Congress meets in New York 27 delegates from 9 colonies gather; it’s the beginning of colonial unity

  13. Non-importation agreements … Women play a significant role

  14. 1766: Mission Accomplished (Except for that Declaratory Act thing …)

  15. Townshend Act, 1767

  16. “external” (indirect) taxes Taxes that are paid over the course of trade, and are not noticed by the consumer/citizen. Example: duties paid on imported products such as cars and athletic shoes “internal” (direct) taxes Taxes that are paid specifically for a good or service, and are definitely noticed by the consumer/citizen. Examples: sales taxes, hotel taxes, taxes on phone bills, etc.

  17. 1770: The Boston Massacre

  18. Sam Adams Patriot or rebel-rouser?

  19. Sons (& Daughters) of Liberty

  20. A tax on tea …

  21. Par-tea?December 16, 1773

  22. Boston: CLOSED Until compensation for damages is paid … in full.

  23. Turn & Talk About It Today, a political group popularly known as “The Tea-Party” has arisen in response to current issues. What images and ideals from the Boston Tea Party of 1773 do you think this group draws upon, in terms of popular understanding of U.S. history? … Please share your ideas with an elbow partner.

  24. The Quebec Act, 1774

  25. First Continental Congress September 5 – October 25, 1774 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania congress – 1. To come together 2. a formal meeting of delegates for discussion and usually action on some question

  26. Lexington and Concord April, 1775

  27. Side Note: More people than Paul Revere rode to warn American militia of British activity over the course of the war …

  28. 13 colonies vs. imperial Britain

  29. Excerpt from an interview of Levi Preston, a Minute Man from Danvers, Massachusetts, 67 years after Lexington and Concord, when asked about British oppressions: “What were they? Oppressions? I didn’t feel them.” What, were you not oppressed by the Stamp Act? “I never saw one of those stamps. … I am certain I never paid a penny for one of them.” Well, what then about the tea tax? “Tea tax! I never drank a drop of the stuff; the boys threw it all overboard.” Then I suppose you had been reading Harrington or Sidney and Locke about the eternal principles of liberty. “Never heard of ‘em. We read only the Bible, the catechism, Watts’ Psalms and Hymns, and the Almanack.” Well, then, what was the matter? And what did you mean in going to the fight? “Young man, what we meant in going for those redcoats was this: We always had governed ourselves, and we always meant to. They didn’t mean we should.”

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