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Juan Peron

Juan Peron. By Dylan Boheler and Ethan Stewart. The Leader. Juan Domingo Peron (1895-1974) Born in Buenos Aires to a lower-middle class family Joined the military at the age of 16 Juan stayed in Italy from 1938-1940 to study the fascist regime

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Juan Peron

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  1. Juan Peron By Dylan Boheler and Ethan Stewart

  2. The Leader • Juan Domingo Peron (1895-1974) • Born in Buenos Aires to a lower-middle class family • Joined the military at the age of 16 • Juan stayed in Italy from 1938-1940 to study the fascist regime • He believed that neither liberal democracy or totalitarianism were viable options • He married Eva Duerte (Evita) in 1945 • Argentinian workers were Peron’s main power base

  3. The Leader cont… • His goals were to achieve social justice and economic independence for Argentina • Peron was anti-clerical • He sympathized with the Nazis and provided safety for many of them after World War Two, however he was not anti-Semitic

  4. The Historical Context • Peron avoided allying with either the socialist of capitalist cause • The US initially opposed Peron, claiming that he had fascist ties • Peron took power just after World War Two ended, and remained in power for much of the Cold War • Peron’s policies mirrored his belief that another world war was going to break out

  5. The Elimination of Opposition and Rule of the Regime • Peron participated in the military coup that overthrew the conservative president, Ramon Castillo • The police force was used to oppress Peron’s liberal opponents • Peron had complete control of Argentina’s armed forces • In opposition areas he restricted civil liberties • In 1949 Peron changed the Constitution so that he could be re-elected • He denounced any opposition as traitors

  6. The Elimination of Opposition and Rule of the Regime cont… • Peron bought out most Argentinian newspapers in order to weaken his opponents • Wages were increased for laborers • Extensive railroads were built in the country to help “nationalize” it • Thousands of hospitals and schools were built under his regime • Evita was used effectively for propaganda; her popularity along with her radio talk show helped raise support for Peron’s government

  7. Using the single-party state you researched as an example, speculate on the reasons for so many single-party states in the 20th century.

  8. Origins of single-party states • The middle class felt that their opinions were not being voiced effectively by the political leaders of Argentina. • The working class lacked organization and an understanding of the political conditions of the time. • Economic conditions as a result of the Great Depression led to political instability.

  9. Establishment of single-party states • Peron’s efforts while he was a part of the labour department of Argentina led to him being a respected Argentinian figure as he answered the demands of the common working class person.

  10. Rule of single-party states • Justicialismo- Ideology somewhere in between capitalism and communism. • Nationalistic Economic Policy- sought to gain international influence for Argentina. • Peron gerrymandered districts in Argentina in order to minimize the power of those who opposed his regime. • Persecuted his opposition through the use of jails and exile.

  11. Rule of single-party states cont. • Accomplishments of the Regime: • Universal social security and health care for workers. • Free education for those who fit the requirements. • Trade unions in all industries. • Low-income housing projects made vastly available.

  12. Regional and global impact • Even after the militaristic deposing of Peron, he still possessed a great number of supporters regionally due to he and his wife’s, Eva Peron, charisma and policies. The working class and youth both supported Peronist ideology.

  13. Bibliography • Minster, Christopher. "Biography of Juan Peron." About.com Latin American History. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • "Juan Peron (president of Argentina)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • "The Legacy of Juan Peron." The Legacy of Juan Peron. Colombia.edu, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • "Modern History Sourcebook: Juan Domingo Perón (1895-1974): Justicialism." Modern History Sourcebook: Juan Domingo Perón: Justicialism. Modern History SourceBook, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • "Argentina, from Juan and Eva Peron to the Disappeared." Argentina, from Juan and Eva Peron to the Disappeared. Macrohistory and World Report, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • Indij, Guido. "The Twenty Fundamental Truths of Justicialism by Juan Perón 1950." The Twenty Fundamental Truths of Justicialism by Juan Perón 1950. Creative Commons, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013. • "Juan Peron." Politics - World People. MVUSD, n.d. Web. 06 Jan. 2013.

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