1 / 62

THE INDUSTREAL REVOLUTION

THE INDUSTREAL REVOLUTION . Collin Duggan & Will Summerall. What Was the Industrial Revolution? . It was a period of rapid growth with breakthroughs in water powered machines and high production.

gilda
Download Presentation

THE INDUSTREAL REVOLUTION

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THE INDUSTREAL REVOLUTION Collin Duggan & Will Summerall

  2. What Was the Industrial Revolution? • It was a period of rapid growth with breakthroughs in water powered machines and high production. • Hand powered machines were not efficient enough to fill large orders so a man named Richard Arkwright came up with a revolutionary idea • His design would allow 1 machine to do the work of 50 people

  3. The Idea • He created a wheel with boards of wood that would catch the water and turn a master axle called a vertical shaft, this puts the whole operation in motion. One of these water wheel inventions could power an entire textile mill.

  4. Water Power Textile Mill

  5. 2-02 Eli Whitney and Interchangeable Parts Sakshi Popli and Josie Parrilla Deverell, William and Deborah Gray White. United States History: Beginnings to 1877. Orlando: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Print. Atler, Judith. Eli Whitney. New york: A First Book, 1990. Print Constance M. Green, Eli Whitney and the Birth of American Technology (Boston: Little, Brown, 1956).

  6. Before Whitney • All manufacturing was done by hand • No two musket parts were exactly the same • It would take more then a week to make one musket • No mass production

  7. Eli Whitney • Promised the federal government that he could build 10,000 muskets in a little more than two years • Whitney had never made a musket before • Designed a milling machine which would make parts Exactly the same every time • Didn’t make a single musket in the first two years of allotted time

  8. Interchangeable Parts • Interchangeable parts are parts of a machine that are perfectly identical • They speed up the production of machinery • Mass production • Made guns fixable • You could easily replace broken parts

  9. 2-03 Labor Union By Hunter Crose, John Murray, and James Sullivan

  10. Labor Union • Trade Unions were groups that tried to improve pay and work conditions • Pay was low, employees had to work 12-hour work days, and people were at risk of losing their jobs to immigrants • Most employers did not want to hire union workers • Employers believed that the higher cost of union employees prevented competition with other manufactures • Sarah G. Bagley founded the Lowell Female Labor Reform in 1844 ad publicized the struggles of factory laborers • President Martin Van Buren had granted a 10-hour work day in 1840 for many federal employees

  11. Labor Union • In 1834, representatives from various trade unions convened at the National Trades’ Union Convention in New York City • The NTU convention, which marked the first sub included obtaining legal recognition for trade unions in every American jurisdiction, organizing unorganized workers, establishing universal free public education for children and adults, and creating a separate political party

  12. Labor Union • Sarah G. Bagley- Enjoyed the experience of factory work at first, but then her attitude towards textile corporations became increasingly critical, However, reflecting a general discontent among mill workers over declining wages and deteriorating working conditions including a speed up of machine operations. • In 1844, when then Massachusetts Legislature set up a special committee to consider the problem; The first governmental investigation of labor conditions in the United States.

  13. Bibliography (Works cited) • Gray-White, Deborah, Holt Social Studies, Orlando, Holt, 2013 • James, Edward T., Notable American Women, Vol. 1, 1970 • Trade Unions, Dictionary of American History 2003, Gale U.S. History in Context, Web, 4 April 2013

  14. 2-04 Steamboat Era By: Matt Stiffler, Matt Marshall Tommy Wade Deverell, William and Deborah Gray White. United States History; Beginnings to 1877. Orlando: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 2007. Print. Ewen, William H.. Days of the Steamboats. New York: Parents’ Magazine Press, 1967. Print. Robert Fulton.” Dictionary of American Biography. U.S. History In Context. Web. 1 April 13.

  15. http://www.twaintimes.net/boat/sbpage3a.html Steamboat engine gif

  16. The beginning of the steam boat • In the early 1800’s many steamboats would traverse the inland seas of the northern states • Steam boats were first introduced in the transportation revolution- a period of rapid growth in the speed of commerce and travel • In 1835, Americans had joined the Hudson to the Mississippi (made trade more effective; Atlantic Ocean-Mississippi) • Improvements like these made goods, people and information more transferrable • By 1840, 7,500 steamboats were being used • By the 1850’s steamboats were used to carry people and goods across the Atlantic

  17. More about steamboats • They had been known to travel across and around the Hudson • The first steamboat to explore the west was the “Shasta” and was used to go to San Francisco in search of gold • Robert Fulton tested the first design in France • When he was 13, he invented a sky rocket • The first full sized steamboat was “Clermont.” • Designed by Robert Fulton

  18. Gibbons v. ogden • Increased shipping led to waterway right problems. • 1819 Aaron Ogden sued Thomas Gibbons • Gibbons did not have a license in New York City waterways. • The Gibbons v. Ogden case regulated trade between states by ending monopolistic control.

  19. By John Shultz 1-05 Cotton Gin

  20. Usage and origin • The cotton gin was used to remove the seeds out of cotton ten times faster than by hand • You use it by turning the handle to move the cotton through the machine and the wire tears the seeds from the cotton • It was also helpful because it helps to fill the huge need for cotton in England • Later on the gin was changed by other manufacturers who stole the design to use saws instead which was much better than the wire

  21. Effects • The design made cotton one of their leading crops so they started to abandon their other crops • The cotton caused an up rise in textile manufacturing because it was a highly produced crop because of the cotton gin • Cotton exports to England changed from one hundred thirty-eight thousand pounds to over one and a half million and thirty years later it went all the way up to two-hundred million pounds • The USA produced half of the cotton in the world

  22. Other facts • The cotton also had to go through another process called browning because the cotton gin didn’t clean the cotton • Eli Whitney hoped to keep its design a secret but he couldn’t because laws preventing people from stealing ideas haven’t been passed or were not enforced

  23. Works cited • Alter, Judith. Eli Whitney. New York: Library of congress cataloging, 1990. Print. • Wiener, Roberta. “Cotton Gin.” 2006 Gale. World history in context. Web. 1 April 2013 • White, Deborah. United States History. Austin: Holt, 2007. Print. • Google Images

  24. 1-06 By Jack Savoni and Ethan McAuliffe

  25. The Rise of Nativism • In the early 1800s, immigrants traveled to America to start a new life. But, this just started trouble. • As the immigrants settled in American cities, it bothered some people who didn’t like foreigners bringing their languages, cultures, and foods with them. • Soon later, America’s population would grow rapidly, and the Industrial Revolution would start taking place. • The Industrial Revolution started in the mid 1800s, which supplied many jobs for immigrants and U.S. citizens. • Some people felt threatened by the foreigners due to immigrants looking for payment that could be lower than the minimum wage. • As immigration increased, Nativists founded a political party known as the Know Nothing Party.

  26. Database Information • Reimers, David M. "'America for the Americans': The Nativist Movement in the United States." Journal of American Ethnic History 17.2 (1998): 93+. U.S. History In Context. Web. 3 Apr. 2013 • Beers, Kylene. United states history beginnings to 1877.New York: • Regligion Consultant, 2002. print

  27. 2-07 Prison Reform Kira Silvestri, Mary-Therese Philbrook, Annalise Stein

  28. Dorothea Dix • Raised in Massachusetts • Lived in Boston as a teacher • Taught Sunday School to woman prisoners • When she turned forty she became a crusader on behalf of the mentally ill • Wrote to the government officials to influence them to improve prisons

  29. Prisons • The mentally ill prisoners were chained to walls • These prisoners had little clothing and no heat • Held runaway children and orphans • If the children begged or stole to survive, they got the same harsh treatments as adult criminals

  30. Reforms made • After learning the conditions, Dorothea exposed them to the government • Led to the demand that they are immediately changed • Never came face to face with public • Dorothea would: • Collected valuable information • Planned the changes • Recruited spokesmen

  31. Works Cited Culligan, Judy. Heroes And Prisoners. New York: Simon And Schuster, 1998. Print. Deverell, William and Deborah Gray White. United States History:Beginnings to 1877. Orlando: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Print. Pictures from: Google images. “The Prison Reform Movement.” US History on Context 2007. American Social Reform Movements. Web. 1 April 2013.

  32. American Anti-Slavery Society By Brooke Zlotshewer and Taylor Mealey

  33. Abolitionist were people that supported the complete end to slavery • The American Anti-SlaverySociety, were members who wanted immediate emancipation and racial equality for African Americans • In 1833, William Lloyd Garrison helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society and later he was made president. American Anti-Slavery Society

  34. He also published an abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator, in 1831 • Members spread anti-slavery literature and petitioned Congress to end federal support of slavery. • The society eventually split into 2 groups, one wanted immediate emancipation for African Americans and a bigger role for women, and the other wanted gradual emancipation and minor roles for women. American Anti-Slavery Society

  35. 1-09 Frederick Douglass and Sojourner truth By: Henry Carrington Liam Nuneviller (not Logan because he did nothing) Deverell Williams and Deborah Gray White. United States History: Beginnings to 1877. Orland: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Print. “Frederick Douglass." Contemporary Black Biography. Vol. 87. Detroit: Gale, 2011. World History In Context. Web. 4 Apr. 2013. "Sojourner Truth." Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit: Gale, 1998. World History In Context. Web. 4 Apr. 2013. Adler, David Frederick Douglass A Noble Life. Wisconsin: Holiday House 2010. Print. Krass, Pete Sojouner Truth Antislavery Activist. New York: Chelsea House Publishers 1988.Print.

  36. Frederick Douglass • Born a slave in Tuckahoe Maryland • Douglass secretly learned to read and write as young lad • Frederick Douglass escaped slavery when he was 20 • He went on to be one the most important African American leaders in the 1800’s • His public speaking impressed many members of the anti-slavery society • Douglass had many speaking tours in the U.S. and Europe • "I remember the chain, the gag, the bloody whip, the deathlike gloom overshadowing the broken spirit of the fettered bondman, the appalling liability of his being torn away from wife and children, and sold like a beast in the market," • Buried in 1895 in New York

  37. Sojourner Truth • Born into slavery around 1797 • Her name was originally Isabella • Changed her name at 46 years old • Sojourner contributed to abolitionist cause • Claimed god told her to travel the us and help slaves • Preached about women’s right • Nov. 26, 1883 she died because of ill health

  38. 2-10Underground Railroad By: Danielle Lean, Ashley Hillis, Violet Myles, and Taylor Arenz

  39. What is the Underground Railroad? • An organization that arranged transportation and hiding places for escaped slaves • The slaves were moved during the night • Would travel them along routes that led them to northern states or Canada • There was no central leadership • Conductors stopped to rest in the day at barns, attics, or other properties owned be abolitionists (station masters) • 1800 north abolished slavery and south became more crucial to the cotton

  40. Who was involved? • Quakers • Mid-to-late 1700s, the group became abolitionists • Played significant role in helping runaway slaves • Levi coffin and wife Catherine were two major Quaker abolitionists. • Their home was often referred to as “Grand Central Station.” • It is estimated that they harbored and helped more than 2,000 slaves. • Harriet Tubman • Born a slave • Her birth name was Araminta “Minty” Ross • Run away slave • Lead her family and 300 other slaves to freedom • Became an abolitionist, a military spy, and a women’s activist

  41. Works Cited • Benson, Sonia, and Rebecca Valentine. “Underground Railroad.” UXL • Encyclopedia of U.S. History. US History in Context. Web. 1 Apr • 2013. • Devaral, William, and Deloran Gray White. United States History: Beginnings • to 1877. Orlando: Holt, Rineheart and Winston, 2007. Print. • Lanteir, Patrica. Harriet Tubman Conductor of the Underground Railroad. • Crabtree Publishing Company, 1952. Print.

  42. Works cited • Deverell, William and Debrah Gray White. United States History beginning to 1877. Orlando: Holt Rinehart and Winston, 2007. Print. • Slavicek, Louise. Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad. • Farmington Hills, Mississippi: Lucent books, 2006. Print. • Yacovone, Donald. "Underground Railroad." Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. Ed. Colin A. Palmer. 2nd ed. Vol. 5. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2006. 2223-2226. U.S. History In Context. Web. 3 Apr. 2013. 2-10 The Underground Railroad By: SeumusCrossett, and Nick Zarutskie

  43. United States History Text book • The underground railroad was not an actual railroad, but it was a network of people who arranged transportation and hiding places for fugitives, or escaped slaves. • Fugitives would travel along routes that led them into northern states and sometimes Canada. • No one person, or group of people was ever officially in charge • Most famous and daring conductor was Harriet Tubman • At one time the reward for Harriet Tubman was up to $40,000

  44. Harriet Tubman • Little is known about Tubman’s first rescue mission except that she escorted her relatives all the way to her new hometown of Philadelphia. • Heartened by her success she returned to the Baltimore area and guided three of her brothers friends to free soil.

  45. U.S. History in context • Most slaves who reached freedom in the North initiated their own escapes. • The Underground Railroad never freed as many slaves as its supporters claimed. • One black man employed his carriage service to transport slaves into freedom.

  46. By: FaustoGomez, Connor Collins, Sean Heffernan, John S. 2-11 Seneca Falls Convention

  47. The Convention • Was the first public meeting about women's rights in the U.S. • Held on July 19th, 1848 in Seneca falls, New York • 240 people attended the convention including Fredrick Douglass.

  48. How Did it all Start • Stanton attended the convention but, she was forced to sit behind a curtain because she was a woman • Stanton proclaimed that all women and men were equal

More Related