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Have a backbone and ENDOSKELETON internal skeleton. It s job: Support Protect Body shape Place for muscle attachment

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Have a backbone and ENDOSKELETON internal skeleton. It s job: Support Protect Body shape Place for muscle attachment

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    2. Fishes

    4. What does it mean to be diverse? Diversity: variety and differences Fishes have variation in form, niche, and behavior

    5. Feeding Heterotrophic: Carnivorous, herbivorous, omnivorous Suction feeding: anything suspended in water can be ingested by opening their mouth and creating negative pressure Fish jaw is a complex structure Fish can eat other things if main food source is gone Specialization in feeding: hippopotamus droppings, tails of electric fish in the Amazon, male angler fish is parasitic on the female

    7. Reproduction Diversity in mating strategy and behavior Sex switching , hermaphrodites, and parasitic mates Live birth or hatching from eggs Variety in parental care: none, some, mouth brooders

    9. Size Smallest known vertebrate is a fish: 8mm ( Largest fish: 12 meters (whale shark)

    10. Habitat Have successfully inhabited every wet habitat on our planet Marine (saltwater):deep sea, hydrothermal vents, inside sea cucumbers Freshwater: Streams, rivers, lakes, underground caves Widest vertical band of habitat of all vertebrates 5200 m above sea level to 8,000 m below. Mudskippers? 70% of their life isn’t even in the water!!!

    12. How the aqueous environment has driven the form of fish Water is denser than air Water is a viscous medium to move through Water is the universal solvent This has affected every aspect of fishes’ form and behavior

    13. Locomotion Streamlining to overcome drag of dense medium Fusiform shape, mucous and scales all aid in maneuverability Over 25 species of fish are warm blooded

    14. Fish Feeding Terrestrial vs Aquatic feeding Land vertebrates are specific in feeding habits Jaw and teeth are adapted to certain food types in land vertebrates Fish are flexible!! Suction feeding Fish jaw and throat create a vacuum when it opens Fish can eat any food or particle suspended in the ocean

    16. Fish Senses Sound transmission is better under water than in air Lateral line detects pressure waves under water Some fish can produce and detect electrical signals from other fish Fish eye is very different from ours because of the way light refracts under water Fish rely on sense of smell, may have olfactory organs all over their body

    18. Fish anatomy

    19. External Gills, Fins, scales, bony plates, mucous Lateral line Ampullae of Lorenzini…electrical sense Coloration used for communication, camouflage, warning, breeding Form is adapted for swimming, habitat, lifestyle

    20. Internal Vertebrate and skeleton of cartilage or bone Nervous system, cephalization Swim bladder or fats and oils for buoyancy Heart Spiral valve

    21. Evolutionary Advances Jaws Live Birth (including placental) Parental Care of Young Gender Reversal Endothermy: Internal regulation of body temperature Aerial Respiration (lungs) and Olfaction Electroreception

    22. Classes of fish and their characteristics Jawless fish Fish with jaws Cartilage skeleton Bony Skeleton Lobe finned Ray finned

    23. Superclass Hyperoartia Jawless fish: lampreys and hagfish Elongate and eel-like Lack paired fins and jaws: bore into fish for nutrition Cartilaginous skeleton

    27. Superclass Gnathostomata

    28. Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous: Sharks, skates, rays, sawfish, chimeras Cartilaginous skeleton, lighter so helps with buoyancy Long living and slow to mature but young have high survival rates Spiral valve in intestine aids in digestion Male claspers aid internal fertilization

    38. Cookie Cutter Shark

    39. Class Sarcopterygii Lobefinned: coelacanth Evidence shows that four limbed vertebrates share an ancestor with this group Lungs and limbs homologous to tetrapod limbs

    40. Class Actinopterygii Largest group of vertebrates living in both freshwater and marine environments Ray finned fish: perch, zebrafish, tuna, flying fish Paired fins, swim bladders, gill arches Adaptable jaw structure

    44. www.the7thfire.com/images/motherFish.jpg

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