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Unraveling the Path from DNA to Protein: Transcription and Translation Concepts

Understand the process of DNA to RNA to protein synthesis through transcription and translation. Learn how genes become proteins and the role of RNA Polymerase, splicing, and the genetic code.

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Unraveling the Path from DNA to Protein: Transcription and Translation Concepts

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  1. Pōʻalima 10.12.12 • DNA to Protein

  2. Näÿana Determine what is wrong with the picture.

  3. Transcription and Translation 10.6-10.15

  4. Big Picture DNA → RNA → Protein

  5. How does a gene become a protein? Two parts: Transcription Converting DNA into RNA Translation Converting RNA into amino acids/proteins

  6. DNA RNA

  7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztPkv7wc3yU

  8. Transcription • Convert DNA to mRNA • Uses RNA Polymerase (moves 5’  3’ direction) • Promoter: starts transcription. • Terminator: Ends transcription

  9. RNA Splicing • Process of cutting out segments not needed. • Introns: not expressed • Exons: expressed

  10. Transcription If DNA sequence is AGCGTGCCA DNA sequence mRNA sequence UCGCACGGU

  11. Translation mRNA leaves nucleus Binds with ribosome Makes a chain of amino acids

  12. Translation tRNA “reads” mRNA sequence 3 letters at a time Codon = 3 mRNA nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid

  13. Genetic Code Third letter

  14. Translation mRNA sequence: UCGCACGGU Amino acid sequence: The amino acids will form a protein Serine – Histidine – Glycine

  15. Example • Convert the following DNA sequence to mRNA then to amino acid chain. GTAGCAATG

  16. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=983lhh20rGY&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3fOXt4MrOM&feature=related

  17. Homework Read 10.6-10.15 W/S

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