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b0110 Fabric and Trust

Discover the world of fabric design in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) with a focus on multiplexors, look-up tables, and practical circuit implementations. Learn how to design small FPGA pieces and understand concepts like shift registers and arithmetic shifts. Dive into understanding the intricacies of FPGA components and get ready for hands-on lab work.

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b0110 Fabric and Trust

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  1. b0110Fabric and Trust ENGR xD52 Eric VanWyk Fall 2012

  2. Acknowlegements • ARM Holdings: M3 Cortex Instruction Set • Addison Wesley Longman: Figures • Wikipedia: Figures

  3. Today • Decoders , Muxes, LUTs, Oh My • CPLDs and FPGAs • Do a Barrel Roll • Trust Issues • Preparation for your first Lab

  4. Muxes, AKA Multiplexor • Select or switch between inputs • Has one output, two types of inputs • ‘Input’ • ‘Select’ • #‘Select’ >= log2(# ‘Input’) • 8 inputs needs 3 select (address) bits

  5. (Binary) Decoder • Also called a ‘demux’ • Because it is the exact opposite. • Only one output is active at once • Usually has 2^inputs number of outputs • Sometimes has an enable input

  6. Look Up Tables • A form of Read Only Memory • Defined by Width and Depth • Width = How many bits per word • Depth = How many words available • Constructed as Muxes with constant inputs • Use Select to look up the table entry

  7. Fabric Design • FPGA ‘Fabric’ is a sea of reconfigurable logic blocks embedded in reconfigurable routing logic. • The reconfigurable logic used to be mostly look up tables with configurable constants. • Now it is LUTs + other stuff too

  8. Fabric Design • Design a small piece of an FPGA using: • Shift Registers • Decoders • Muxes • Other Stuff • Use your FPGA cell to create: • AND • XOR • Adder (Half? Full?) • Start by figuring out your requirements: • Width? Depth?

  9. Do a Barrel Roll • We can multiply or divide a number by 2 by moving it left or right one position • This is called a “shift” • Don’t confuse it with a shift register!

  10. Do a Barrel Roll • “Arithmetic” shifts obey 2’s complement • Sign extension • “Logical” shifts do not • Assume unsigned • Pad zeros • Barrel Rotate “wraps” around

  11. http://bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/research/pico_radio/Test_Bed/Hardware/Documentation/ARM/chap3.pdfhttp://bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/research/pico_radio/Test_Bed/Hardware/Documentation/ARM/chap3.pdf

  12. What could possibly go wrong? • You have been given a magic barrel shifter • Sweet. • List possible ways it could be busted • Specific errors in the design of the component • Come up with a test plan for your shifter • How can you achieve full coverage without exhaustion? • Bonus: How would you construct this shifter?

  13. Lab Preparation • Select 1 or 2 partners • Read through MP0.pdf • Questions? • Begin paper&pencil sketching of modules • You have the rest of class to begin work

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