1 / 43

Chapter 1 DOS the Easy Way

Chapter 1 DOS the Easy Way. Page 1. Terms and Concepts. DOS – Disk Operating System MS-DOS – Microsoft DOS Bootup – OS loaded into memory Shutdown – Graceful Power Off Internal and external programs. Terms and Concepts. DOS Filenames 8 character name 3 character extension Wildcards

gavivi
Download Presentation

Chapter 1 DOS the Easy Way

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 1DOS the Easy Way Page 1

  2. Terms and Concepts • DOS – Disk Operating System • MS-DOS – Microsoft DOS • Bootup – OS loaded into memory • Shutdown – Graceful Power Off • Internal and external programs Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  3. Terms and Concepts • DOS Filenames • 8 character name • 3 character extension • Wildcards • (?) and (*) • Diskettes? Now mostly Flash Drives • Kilo (1,000), • Mega (1,000,000) and • Giga (1,000,000,000) Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  4. Objectives • Define Operating System • Identify DOS program types • Two types of commands • Using the DIR command • Correct use of DOS notation rules • Correct filenames and extensions • Use of wildcards • Identify different types of media Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  5. The Hands on Method • Basic questions answered about DOS • Useful examples • Step-by-Step instructions • Learn by doing! • Fastest possible way to learn… Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  6. Tryouts • Chapter 2 – commonly used DOS commands • Chapter 3 – tryouts related to hard disk drives • Chapter 4 – details on DOS Shell (skipping) • Chapter 5 – Advanced information • Chapter 6 – More advanced information • Chapter 7 • Complete reference to all DOS commands Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  7. Operating Systems • First program loaded into memory (RAM) • Software program - makes computer work • Supervises application programs and • all input/output of computer • Takes care of mandatory functions of computer • User communicates with the operating system and the OS runs the computer. • Working with the operating system is known as being on the SYSTEM LEVEL. Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  8. Defining DOS • A collection of software programs • First to be called into action • The most important software used • DOS provides a way to interact with computer • Gives the computer commands to take Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  9. Microsoft’s Disk Operating System • There have been many versions • Version 1 was the first in 1981 • A decimal point was added later to indicate features added • Went up to 6 and then special version were added with XP, Vista and Windows 7 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  10. The DOS Shell • Earlier versions included the DOS Shell • Special program to use DOS commands • Gives visual representation of files • Helps to initiate DOS activities • Gives a Menu of Choices • Chapter 4 will describe more detail Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  11. DOS Operating Programs • Provides a way of interacting with OS • A collection of many small programs • Name you use is termed “DOS Command” • Directs the actions of the compter • Some of the commands are simple • Others are not • We will clear up some of the mysteries Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  12. Startup • Prior to Windows you used a startup disk • Prompted for Date and Time • The disk could be external or internal • External was floppy disk • Internal was hard disk • Procedures varied between computers even if the DOS was the same version Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  13. Startup • Now it is pretty much automatic • You can still use Dos commands • On Windows 3 you exited to go to DOS by choosing Exit from the Program manager’s File Menu • Now we run the “DOS prompt” to get to DOS Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  14. The DOS Prompt • Prompt “C:\>” indicates system is ready for work • What do I do now? What does this mean? • System is waiting for a program name • You enter that name and press ENTER • Can change drives by Letter plus “:” Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  15. DOS Program Types • There are basically two different types of programs… • Internal Programs and • External Programs Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  16. Internal Programs • Directory Management: • CHDIR (CD), DIR, MKDIR (MD), PATH, RMDIR (RD) • File Management: • COPY, DEL, ERASE, RENAME (REN), TYPE • General Purpose: • BREAK, CHCP, CLS, CTTY, DATE, EXIT, LOADHIGH, PROMPT, SET, TIME, VER, VERIFY, VOL • Chapter 5 & 7 discuss some detail Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  17. Tryout: The DIR Command Chapter 1 (43 slides) (Page 7) • This is an internal command • Get to a DOS Prompt • Type DIR and press the Enter Key • Should see something like:

  18. External Programs • Unlike internal program they are not kept active in the computer’s memory • Stored on the disk drive • Used less than internal programs • Only available when access to the disk is available • Descriptions are in Chapter 7 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  19. Tryout: The CHKDSK Command Chapter 1 (43 slides) (Page 9) • Type Z: • Type CHKDSK

  20. DOS Format Notation • Need to use EXACTLY the right format • The command may have parameters • Need to figure out the exact syntax • Responds when the ENTER key is pressed • Format Notations are listed in Chapter 7 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  21. Notation Summary • Backus Normal Form – IMPORTANT!! • BNF is used in many technical books • If you learn how to read the BNF notation you can pretty much figure out how to form any command on any device or system • Probably the most important thing to learn Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  22. Command Syntax • Certain special characters are never used in DOS command formats • They may, however, be used when using the command • These special characters are: • Comma(,), Colon(:), Forward Slash(/), space, equal sign(=), semicolon(;), and backslash(\) Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  23. Command Syntax • Typical Format: • (commandname) [d:][path]filename [/OPTION] • To use you would enter: • The command name • A space after the command name • A drive letter to indicate the drive the command is to act on • A colon • A path designation (where the file is located on the disk) • A file name to act on • Command options (if any) Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  24. DOS Notation Rules • DOS Command name is entered first • Always leave a space after the command • And before entering any options • Drive letter is followed by a colon (:) • Pathname (path) is directory to files • Filename is the file name stored on disk • Any /option is a command option (switches) Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  25. DOS Notation Rules • Items enclosed in square brackets [ ] are optional • Ellipses (…) indicate repeated options • Vertical bars (|) mean enter only one Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  26. DOS Notation Rules • Example: DIR [d:] [path][filename] [/P] [/W] Command=DIR [d:]=Drive [path][filename]=path and filename(s) [/P]=/P Option (Pause) [/W]=/W Option (Wide) Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  27. Tryout: The DIR Command Chapter 1 (43 slides) (Page 15) • dir z:chkdsk.exe /p • dir z:chkdsk.exe /s /p

  28. DOS Filenames • Must name files correctly (follow the rules) • Letters, numbers, characters or combo • The letters A-Z • The numbers 0-9 • The following special characters: • ~ ` ! @ # $ % & ( ) - _ { } \ ' Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  29. DOS Filenames • Good valid DOS filenames: • Test1 • Tests$-#.7 • JUNE.(2) • TEST1 • Tester.@12 • TeSt1_#.Doc • %.DOC • 12345678.321 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  30. DOS Filenames • Bad invalid DOS filenames: • TEST 1 • MAR CH.FI • 1 TEST • 2 .DOC • TEST. 8 • Pay attention to the reserved characters too!! */+?:=;[]”\,|.<> Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  31. DOS Filenames • Certain names also refer to devices • AUX, PRN, COM1, COM2, etc., • LPT1, LPT2, etc., • CON • NUL • LST Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  32. DOS Filenames • Careful about more than 8 character names • Example given is using TESTS1-10 • 8 character name is TESTS1-1 • If you have TESTS1-11 as a name • 8 character name is again TESTS1-1 • Even though they are different files! Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  33. Designing Useful Filenames • Be careful about the names… • What you use today to remind you may not do so or be a complete mystery in a few months. • Can use the extension to help but may not • Come up with a standard naming scheme and stick to it! Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  34. Using Wildcards • Using the Question marks (?) • Meaning one or less characters/numbers/etc • Two ?? Means two, one or none • Three ??? Means three, two, one or none • Up to 8 characters in filename • Using the Asterisk (*) • Meaning any number of characters/numbers.. • (*.*) refers to all files Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  35. Tryout: Using Wildcard Characters Chapter 1 (43 slides) (Page 20) • With USB drive letters assigned … • cd \ctec110 • setupusb.bat z g: cd g:\wugxp\games dir *.* dir *.exe dir m?????.*

  36. Disks and File Storage • DOS is used to manage files • DOS can store files on disks • Floppy disk drives been replaced (gone) • Usb Ports and Usb drives now! • Diskettes, usb drives and hard drives get treated pretty much the same with DOS • Difference is mainly storage capacity Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  37. Diskette Cautions • Floppy disk are fragile • Handle them with care • Usb drives as well .. Little bit tougher • DO NOT FORCE insertation • Be careful not to bend floppies • Be careful not to crush usb drives • Floppies are sensitive to magnets • Keep food and drink away from them Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  38. Disk Types • FORMAT program prepares disks • Lot of these are already formatted • Places a magnetic pattern on disks • That pattern is called a file system structure • Tracks, sectors and cylinders concept • Track is circular magnetic pattern • Sector is a section on a track • Cylinder is basically a stack of tracks Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  39. Write-Protecting your Disks • Floppy disks have a notch or slide button to write protect the electronic pattern contained within. • Some usb drives also have this option • On floppy disks if the notch or hole is open that disk cannot be written to…The disk is write-protected Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  40. Disk Storage Capacity • 5 1/4 inch, 40 tracks, single-sided (160K bytes). • 5 1/4 inch, 40 tracks, double-sided (360K bytes). • 5 1/4 inch, 80 tracks, high-density (1.2 M bytes). • 3 1/2 inch, 80 tracks, double-sided (720K bytes). • 3 1/2 inch, 80 tracks, high-density (1.4M bytes). • 3 1/2 inch, 80 tracks, extra high-density (2.88M bytes). • USB drives…1gb, 2gb, 4, 8, 16, etc… • K=1,000 bytes (actual 1024) • M=1,000,000 bytes .. G=1,000,000,000 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  41. DOS Error Messages • Tracking them down can be difficult • Write down the message and proceed • Look for obvious causes • Do not take drastic solutions until sure • Diskettes can get damaged physically or magnetically • Narrow down the list before calling for help Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  42. Summary • Disk Operating System – DOS • Programs load into computer memory • DOS Prompt • Programs – Internal and External • DOS format notation • DOS filenames • Storage media – Diskettes, USB, etc Chapter 1 (43 slides)

  43. Chapter 1 Assessments • Canvas (before class meets): • Pre Class Homework Questions • In-Class Lab Assignment 1 • Canvas (end of class time): • Windows/DOS Quiz 1 Chapter 1 (43 slides)

More Related