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Module 9: Planning for Active Directory Data Recovery and Maintenance

Module 9: Planning for Active Directory Data Recovery and Maintenance. Overview. Active Directory Data Store Model Active Directory Data Store Process Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files Maintaining Active Directory Recovering Active Directory

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Module 9: Planning for Active Directory Data Recovery and Maintenance

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  1. Module 9: Planning for Active Directory Data Recovery and Maintenance

  2. Overview • Active Directory Data Store Model • Active Directory Data Store Process • Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files • Maintaining Active Directory • Recovering Active Directory • Planning for Active Directory Backup

  3. + Transaction Log Entries Not Written to Database Directory System Agent Database File Database Layer NTFS Extensible Storage Engine Database Active Directory Data Store Model Client Access Interfaces The Current Database

  4. Active Directory Data Store Process Create New User Transaction Created Transaction Log File Written Transaction Written Buffered Database Written Transaction Committed Disk Database Written Transaction Completed

  5. Reserved Logs Patch File Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files Data Log Files Transaction Logs Database File Checkpoint File

  6. The Active Directory Database File • Contains All Objects in Active Directory • Single File for Each Domain Controller • Should Be Regularly Backed Up • Can Be Included in Routine File Backup • Stores Information in Tables

  7. 1 MB 3 MB 10 MB Renamed The Transaction Log Files Each Previous Log Is Renamed After 10 MB of Data Is Accepted Current Log Previous Logs EdbOOOO1.log EdbOOOO2.log . . . EdbOOOO3.log Edb.log New Edb.log (10 MB) Logging Can Be Circular or Non-circular

  8. Ntds.dit Checkpoint Files Transaction Log Entries Written to the Database Edb.chk Transaction Log Entries Not Yet Written to the Database Edb.log

  9. Reserved Log Files • Low Disk Space Situations • Assumes the Role of a Normal Transaction Log Transaction Logs Res1.log Res2.log

  10. Ntds.pat File Patch Files • Patch (.pat) Files Are Only Used During Online Backup • Ntds.pat Committed Uncommitted Ntds.dit File

  11. Maintaining Active Directory • Automatic Database Cleanup • Manual Database Cleanup

  12. Automatic Database Cleanup • Garbage Collection Occurs at 12-Hour Intervals • Unneeded transaction log files deleted • Obsolete objects deleted • Online database defragmentation performed

  13. Manual Database Cleanup • Offline Database Defragmentation Tool • Reorders objects • Can reduce database size • LostAndFound Container • Contains misplaced objects • Should be examined occasionally

  14. Recovering Active Directory • Non-Authoritative Restore • Authoritative Restore • Recovery Without Restore

  15. Non-Authoritative Restore • Depends on Backup, Replication, and Transaction Logs for Recovery and Includes • Placing domain controller in directory safe mode • Restoring data • Writing flag to registry to trigger a consistency check and re-indexing • Replicating bringing the restored server to the current database state

  16. Authoritative Restore • Authoritative Restore Is a Partial Restore

  17. Recovery Without Restore • Use Transaction Logging for Recovery • No restore needed • Circular logging must not be enabled

  18. Planning for Active Directory Backup • Preferred Disk Configurations • Determining Hardware Needs • Creating a Backup Strategy

  19. Preferred Disk Configurations • Enhanced System Performance and Reliability • Preferred Configuration • Place Windows 2000 system files, and Active Directory database file and transaction log files on separate disks

  20. Determining Hardware Needs • Predict the Size of Your Active Directory • Determine number of objects • Take into consideration the addition of attributes • Test Your Prediction • Double Your Prediction for Actual Production

  21. Creating a Backup Strategy • Hardware • Backup Method • Off-Site Storage • Test Restores

  22. Best Practices Plan for Backup and Recovery Early Keep the Database Files and Transaction Logs on Separate Drives Predict Active Directory Size Develop, Document, and Enforce a Backup Policy

  23. Lab A: Active Directory Disaster Recovery

  24. Lab B: Active Directory Database Planning

  25. Review • Active Directory Data Store Model • Active Directory Data Store Process • Introduction to Active Directory Data Store Files • Maintaining Active Directory • Recovering Active Directory • Planning for Active Directory Backup

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