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The Legislative Process: How a Bill Becomes Law Explained

This guide outlines the detailed steps involved in transforming a bill into a law in the United States, from its introduction by a Congressman or Senator to presidential approval. Learn about the stages of committee review, public hearings, mark-up sessions, committee votes, and floor considerations in both the House and Senate. Discover the key role of the President in the final approval process, including the potential for a veto and subsequent congressional actions. Follow this comprehensive overview to understand the intricate workings of the legislative system.

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The Legislative Process: How a Bill Becomes Law Explained

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  1. How a Bill Becomes A Law By Olivia Vidrios

  2. New Bill If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • Sent to the House of Representative Clerk for an HR# and title • Sent to the Senate Clerk • for a S# and title

  3. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • Bill referred to the proper House committee for discussion • Bill referred to the proper Senate committee for discussion

  4. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • House committee holds a public hearing on the bill • Senate committee holds a public hearing on the bill

  5. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • House committee has a mark up session to determine the final details of the bill • Senate committee has a mark up session to determine the final details of the bill

  6. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • House committee votes to determine action on bill • Senate committee votes to determine action on bill

  7. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • After the committee votes to determine action on bill it will be tabled no further. • Changes made to bill. Sent on to House floor with a new HR# and amendments added. • Then its sent to the House in original form. • After the Senate committee votes to determine action on bill it is tabled no further . • Changes are made to the bill. Sent on to Senate floor with new S# and amendments added. • Than the bill is sent on to the Senate in original form.

  8. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • House floor consideration, debate, possible amendments added, then House vote. • Or Bill recommitted back to committee. • Majority vote = NO Bill dies • Or Majority vote = YES Bill passes to Senate • Senate floor consideration , debate, possible amendments added, then Senate vote. • Bill can be recommitted back to committee. • Majority vote = NO Bill dies • Or Majority vote = YES Bill passes to House.

  9. How A Bill Becomes A Law If bill introduced by a Congressman If bill introduced by a Senator • Bill from Senate is debated on House floor, possible amendments added, then vote. • If amendments added, bill goes back to the Senate for a vote • Bill from House is debated on Senate floor, possible amendments added, then vote • Majority vote = NO Bill dies Majority vote = YES Bill passes to the President

  10. How A Bill Becomes A Law • President (Must act within 10 days) • If Congress adjourns, the bill does not become a law (Called a ‘pocket veto’) • President vetoes the bill . Bill goes back to house where it originated (2/3 majority can override the President’s veto and the bill becomes a law.) • President signs bill – It becomes a LAW!

  11. How a Bill Becomes a Law • Taken from http://www.arborday.org/kids/billbecomeslaw.pdf

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