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Lord Kelvin Electrostatic Generator

Lord Kelvin Electrostatic Generator. Potential Alternative Energy Applications: Charging a battery, Providing energy for electrolysis (for Hydrogen Fuel Cell), Powering a Light or Motor. A Scorpacuda Presentation http://www.scorpacudas.com July 2007.

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Lord Kelvin Electrostatic Generator

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  1. Lord Kelvin Electrostatic Generator Potential Alternative Energy Applications: Charging a battery, Providing energy for electrolysis (for Hydrogen Fuel Cell), Powering a Light or Motor. A Scorpacuda Presentation http://www.scorpacudas.com July 2007

  2. This is Lord Kelvin’s Electrostatic Generator

  3. What is it? • A Lord Kelvin Electrostatic Generator is a very simple high-voltage generator which has no moving parts and is powered by the energy of falling water. • Gravity provides the force to make the water move. • Energy is needed to get the water to a height higher than the input. You can’t get energy from a system without doing work on the system.

  4. How does it work? • Water normally has zero net electrical charge because it contains a vast number equal and opposite charges. • It is easy to create an imbalance of charges in water because water is full of movable electric charges (called ions). Water (H2O) has H+ and OH- ions. • You can charge water by holding a charged object, such as a comb, near the water. That object will attract the "unlike" charges to the water's surface, and repel the "alike" charges away deeper into the water.

  5. How does it work? • A positively charged object will attracts the water's negative ions and repels the positive ions. • The tip will hold an excess of negative ions and an equal amount of positive ions are repelled to the other end of the dripper. • When the water drop detaches from the tip of the dripper, it carries a negative electric charge. • The trapped negative charge in the falling water droplet leaves the dripper slightly positive. • The container collecting the falling droplets becomes negatively charged. Ref: http://amasci.com/emotor/kelvin.html

  6. Kelvin Water Dropper

  7. Kelvin Water Dropper

  8. Charging a Battery • Can the Lord Kelvin electrostatic generator be used to charge a supercap 9V battery?

  9. Electrolysis • We used solar cells for electrolysis.  Hydrogen is separated from oxygen in water into different holding tanks.  The hydrogen is used by the hydrogen fuel cell.  • The solar cell can't produce hydrogen as quickly as it is consumed.  It took 20 minutes with intense light and the solar cell to create enough hydrogen gas for 5 minutes of running the car. • We are looking into other ways to make hydrogen 'on the fly'.  We might use the water from the hydrogen fuel cell to create electricity.  Lord Kelvin showed a way to make electricity from water and gravity. 

  10. Cyclic Water Concept • Process Flow Concept: • H2 and O2 gases is created from a reservoir of water through the electrolysis process. • H2 and O2 gas is used by the hydrogen fuel cell to produce water and energy. • The water is used with gravity to generate electricity from the Lord Kelvin device. • Charged water is dumped to a lower gravitational potential into tanks that create a net zero charge water. • Water in these tanks undergoes electrolysis using electricity from the Lord Kelvin device. • How can we make this work? • How many nozzles do we need? • Can we calculate the maximum rate of H2 we can produce? • Can we keep the positive/negative electrodes consistent?

  11. Powering a Light or Motor

  12. Some References • J2-02: KELVIN ELECTROSTATIC GENERATOR • Hobart Mason, A text-book on Static Electricity, McGraw Publishing Co., New York, 134-137, (1904), 52. The Dropping Generator, pp. 135-137. • C. Z. Van Doorn, Demonstration of Electrostatic Generator Principles, AJP 37, 225, (1969). • Harry F. Weiners, Physics Demonstration Experiments, Electrostatics, Library of Congress No. 69-14674, Ronald Press Co., New York, 847-850, (1970). • Menno Fast, Electrostatic Lobby Display, TPT 10, 100-101, (1972). • Markus Zahn, Self-Excited ac High Voltage Generation Using Water Droplets, AJP 41, 196-202 (1973). • Lester Evans, J. Truman Stevens, Kelvin Water Dropper Revisited, TPT 15, 548-549, (1977). • William Blunk, Doing Physics: Kelvin electrostatic generator workshop, TPT 20, 412-413 (1982). • Michael Sady, The Kelvin Water Dropper: An Elementary Experience, Phys Teach 22, 516, (1984). • Joe Pizzo, "Ting-A-Ling" Machine, TPT 26, 304-305, (1988). • A. D. Moore, Electrostatics, Doubleday & Co., New York, 174-179, 204-211. • Catalog Description of Apparatus, Cat. No. 78680 Electrostatic Generator, Cenco Scientific Co. • Instructions, Catalog No. 78680 Electrostatic Generator, Cenco Scientific Co. • Meiners, Physics Demonstation Experiment, Section 29-1.23, pp. 247-250. • Paul Chagnon, Animated Displays VI: Electrostatic Motors and Water Dropper, TPT 34, 491-494 (1996). • Se-yuen Mak, The Kelvin Water-Drop Electrostatic Generator-An Improved Design, TPT 35, 549-551 (1997). • Gorazd Planinsic and Tomaz Prosen, Conducting rod on the axis of a charged ring: The Kelvin water drop generator, AJP 68, 1084-1089 (2000). http://www.physics.umd.edu/lecdem/services/refs/refsj.htm#J2-02

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