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Sociological Factors and Their Impacts on Society

Explore the influences of key sociological factors such as ideology, dominant ideology, culture, socialization, norms, and status on human societies. Understand how these factors shape social relationships and behaviors, and maintain order in society. Delve into the concept of hegemony and its role in class domination.

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Sociological Factors and Their Impacts on Society

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  1. Session 1- Analyse impacts of sociological factors

  2. Sociology • A systematic study of human societies • The analysis of the structure of social relationships as constituted by social interaction

  3. Ideology • Refers to a set of beliefs covering everything from scientific knowledge, to religion, to every day beliefs about proper conduct irrespective of whether it is true or false. • Ideology can be defined as a tightly knit body of beliefs organized around a few central values.

  4. Dominant Ideology • A set of beliefs about the social world and the way it works or should work • These beliefs tend to benefit the powerful and have the capacity to “distort reality”

  5. Culture and Behaviour • Culture directs actions and defines attitudes • Culture defines accepted ways to behave

  6. Socialisation • This is the process by which the individual learns the culture of their society • Primary Socialisation- FAMILY • Other socialisation agents –Peers, educational system, the media, gender, occupational group, social class and stratification.

  7. Norms • These are guidelines which direct conduct in particular situations.e.g dress codes • Norms are enforced by “positive” (rewards) and “negative”(punishment) sanctions • Norms can be sanctioned informally • Formalised norms can be Laws enforced by official sanctions. These sanctions are mechanisms of social control and are used to maintain order.

  8. Status • This is a social position e.g. Occupational, family and gender • Honour, prestige and power is bestowed on the individual by ones status • Statuses are culturally defined

  9. Hegemony A term to describe how the domination of one class over others is achieved by a combination of political and ideological means. (Gramsci,1971)

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