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Quantum computing hardware

Quantum computing hardware. aka Experimental Aspects of Quantum Computation. PHYS 576. Class format. 1 st hour: introduction by BB 2 nd and 3 rd hour: two student presentations, about 40 minutes each followed by discussions

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Quantum computing hardware

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  1. Quantum computing hardware aka Experimental Aspects of Quantum Computation PHYS 576

  2. Class format 1st hour: introduction by BB 2nd and 3rd hour: two student presentations, about 40 minutes each followed by discussions Coffee break(s) in between

  3. What you do: • Choose a topic • Research literature • Put together title and the abstract • Prepare and give a talk Hopefully, by the third half of today’s class a few of you can decide on the topic and sign up.

  4. Workshops themes (generic) • NMR (quantum computer in a vial) • Ion Trap(“vacuum tubes”) • Neutral Atom(catching up) • Cavity QED(0.01 atoms interacting with 0.01 photons) • Optical(fiber... and more fiber) • Solid State(what real computers are made of) • Superconducting(the cool) • "Unique“(really crazy stuff)

  5. Class schedule January 5 Introduction January 12 Short class (1 hour) January 19 Workshop 1 SC January 26 Workshop 2 SC February 2 Workshop 3 February 9 Workshop 4 February 16 No Class (SQuInT meeting) February 23 Workshop 5 March 2 Workshop 6 March 9 Workshop 7

  6. Reprinted from Quantum Information Processing3 (2004).

  7. http://qist.lanl.gov/qcomp_map.shtml

  8. “Approaches” NMR(obsolete?) - David Cory, Ike Chuang (MIT)Ion Trap – David Wineland (NIST), Chris Monroe (Michigan), Rainer Blatt (Innsbruck), ...Neutral Atom – Phillipe Grangier (Orsay), Poul Jessen (Arizona)Cavity QED - Jeff Kimble (Caltech), Michael Chapman (GATech)Optical – Paul Kwiat (Illinois)Solid State – too many to mention a few? David Awschalom (UCSB), Duncan Steel (Michigan)Superconducting – Michel Devoret (Yale), John Martinis (UCSB)"Unique“ – Phil Platzman (Bell Labs)

  9. QC implementation proposals Bulk spin Resonance (NMR) Atoms Solid state Optical Linear optics Cavity QED Trapped ions Optical lattices Electrons on He Semiconductors Superconductors Flux qubits Charge qubits Nuclear spin qubits Electron spin qubits Orbital state qubits

  10. Chapman Law # of entangled ions year

  11. Chapman Law

  12. Chapman Law

  13. NMR http://www.org.chemie.tu-muenchen.de/glaser/NMR.jpg http://www.physics.iitm.ac.in/~kavita/qc.jpg

  14. http://qist.lanl.gov/qcomp_map.shtml

  15. http://cba.mit.edu/docs/05.06.NSF/images/factor.jpg 15 ≈ 5 x 3

  16. http://nodens.physics.ox.ac.uk/~mcdonnell/wardPres/wardPres.htmlhttp://nodens.physics.ox.ac.uk/~mcdonnell/wardPres/wardPres.html Ion Traps http://www.physics.gatech.edu/ultracool/Ions/7ions.jpg http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v2/n1/images/nphys171-f2.jpg

  17. Blinov, B U. of Washington Ba+ Haljan, P Simon Fraser U. Yb+ Hensinger, W U. of Sussex Ca+ Madsen, M Wabash College Ca+

  18. UW ion trap QC lab

  19. control target Raman beams Cirac-Zoller CNOT gate – the classic trapped ion gate To create an effective spin-spin coupling, “control” spin state is mapped on to the motional “bus” state, the target spin is flipped according to its motion state, then motion is remapped onto the control qubit. | | Cirac and Zoller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4091 (1995)

  20. Neutral atoms http://www.physics.gatech.edu/ultracool/ http://www.iqo.uni-hannover.de/ertmer/atoindex/

  21. “Cold collision” gates Atoms trapped in optical lattices Lattices move, atoms collide Massively parallel operation: gates on all pairs of neighboring qubits at once... but no individual addressability. Good for quantum simulators

  22. Entanglement of atomic ensembles E. Polzik, University of Aarhus

  23. http://www.nature.com/ Cavity QED http://www2.nict.go.jp/ http://www.wmi.badw.de/SFB631/tps/dipoletrap_and_cavity.jpg

  24. Strong coupling: g2 > > 1 k g Photon-mediated entanglement g k g

  25. http://focus.aps.org/ Optical http://www.quantum.at/ http://www.qipirc.org/images/projects/image018.jpg

  26. Entangled-photon six-state quantum cryptography (Paul G Kwiat)

  27. http://www.wmi.badw.de/SFB631/tps/DQD2.gif Solid state http://mcba2.phys.unsw.edu.au/~mcba/hons02-1-12-figb.jpg http://groups.mrl.uiuc.edu/

  28. Semiconductor qubits 1 sec Decoherence Nuclear spin states 10-3 sec Decoherence Control 10-6 sec Electron spin states 10-9 sec Fast microprocessor Control 10-12 sec Decoherence Orbital states Control 10-15 sec

  29. “Kane proposal”

  30. Superconductors www.physics.ku.edu http://qt.tn.tudelft.nl/research/fluxqubit/qubit_rabi.jpg http://www-drecam.cea.fr/

  31. Josephson junction qubits Flux qubit Quantization of magnetic field flux inside the loop containing several JJs Quantization of electric charge (number of Cooper pairs) trapped on an island sealed off by a JJ. (|0> and |1> states are 1000000 Cooper pairs vs. 1000001 Cooper pairs) Cooper pair box (charge qubit)

  32. Unique Any other wild ideas??? http://www-drecam.cea.fr/Images/astImg/375_1.gif

  33. Quantum Computing Abyss(after D. Wineland) theoretical requirements for “useful” QC state-of-the-art experiments  5 >1000 # quantum bits # logic gates <100 >109 noise reduction error correction ? efficient algorithms new technology

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