Chris Baker - SWBSTC Charlie Gohman - AZHPwES

1. Guidance on New Weatherization Standards for OOHR Housing Rehabilitation Chris Baker - SWBSTC Charlie Gohman - AZHPwES

2. Energy Auditing/Retrofitting Yesterday & Today What if you don’t feel well and go see a doctor. You walk in his office and the first thing he says is…

3. Take these pills and call me in the morning

4. What is wrong with that approach • No diagnostic to determine what is making you sick so... • Some pills may help • Some pills may do nothing • Some pills may make you worse • Some pills may combine to kill you Not sure if it a pill will help. No idea of interaction between pills.

5. Would you treat a building this way? • Add measures with limited information on: • Impact on energy use • Impact on IAQ • Impact on comfort • Impact on durability • Interaction with other house features.

6. Today’s approach:Performance Based • Gather complete data on the existing characteristics of the home. • Need information on the characteristics that can impact your decision making process. • Based on this data, develop a scope of work based on sound building science for the home. • Inspection of work to insure it is completed per scope.

7. New Weatherization Standards for OOHR Housing Rehabilitation What is the goal of these standards Doing the right thing right

8. Weatherization Standards Process • Energy Audit • Scope of Work • Consultation with BPI Certified Professional • Bid Process • Construction • Post Construction Compliance Inspection

9. Energy Audit • A whole home energy audit should be conducted prior to development of the scope of work and must be performed by a Building Performance Institute Certified Building Analyst or Energy Auditor (BPI Certified Professional).

10. BPI Certified Professional • BPI search tool www.bpi.org • Low Income Weatherization Agencies • Arizona Home Performance with ENERGY STAR contractors

11. Scope of Work • Rehabilitation Specialist develops scope of work following the priorities established by ADOH: a. Code Violations b. Issues of Health and Safety c. Weatherization Standards/Energy Efficiency d. Improvements Cosmetic in Nature Considering budget and ADOH maximum investment per unit, include as many weatherization standards in the scope as possible

12. DOE Standardizes Work Specifications • Weatherization work completed must meet the DOE Standardized Work Specifications (SWS) • The SWS provide the standards on how work is done right • Will review later in presentation

13. Consultation with BPI Certified Professional • Rehabilitation Specialist should consult with the BPI Certified Professional by allowing their review of the scope of work • Review impact of scope on energy efficiency and performance of the home • Assist with identifying and writing up specifications for scope of work • Incorporate the DOE Standardized Work Specifications

14. Bid Process • During bid process need to review that bidders include required weatherization specifications, that will meet the NREL SWS standards in their quote

15. Construction • During construction, Rehabilitation Specialists should include the BPI Certified Professional in interim inspections where compliance with weatherization specifications will be reviewed

16. Post Construction Compliance Inspection • BPI Certified Professional must inspect all scope of work items • Must all pass inspection before the housing unit rehabilitation will be considered to be in compliance • BPI Certified Professional will reference the Standardized Work Specifications

17. Rehabilitation Weatherization Specification Priorities • Duct Leakage/ HVAC Static Pressure • Air / Thermal Barrier ( properly installed insulation) • Room Pressure Balancing • Lighting • Other • Air Conditioning • Duct Replacement

18. Duct Leakage • National studies find an average of 300 CFM of duct leakage (1 ton = 400 CFM). On a 2000 sq. ft. home, that’s 15% of rated air flow. (AZ 371 CFM) • Studies from Florida estimate that 10% of Florida’s electrical generation capacity is duct leakage. I would say this is the #1 issue in existing homes Can easily double, triple…your bill.

19. We take duct sealing very seriously These holes are under a lot of pressure

21. At least the air you are blowing through the tape and into the attic is filtered

22. Mastic

23. Mastic Get the hint We like mastic!

24. Air / Thermal Barrier • Defects are allowing hot or cold air to pass through or around the insulation. • Air is a fluid (just like water). If water would pour through a material, air can also pass through it. • This will drastically impact the effectiveness of the insulation.

25. Attic With No Insulation Stud (R-4) R-0

26. Why do the last two pictures look the same? Insulated Attic - R-30 Batt Stud R-4 R-30 Batt

27. Why is the wood (R-4) cooler than the R-30 batt? Wood is letting less heat in than the batt.

28. Pre and Post Retrofit

29. Doors Open What do we put in door ways? 140º Attic 1000 CFM return flow 1000 CFM supply flow 1000 CFM flow through the house and is under neutral pressure

30. Doors Closure Now the home sucks and blows at the same time 140º Attic 1000 CFM supply flow 1000 CFM return flow Return side will go negative. Supply side will go positive Close a door and block the flow back to the return.

31. The following video is a time lapse infrared of a home under negative 3 Pa pressure for 40 minutes. Note starting temperatures. 80.7° 82.7° 80.8° 80.0°

32. Pressure Balancing Tax Credit Multi-Family

33. Less issues with light and sound

34. Lighting • Light bulbs that are typically used for a minimum of 2 hours per day or more (limit 10) must be replaced with Energy Star Rated CFL or LED light bulbs with equivalent or better Lumen output

35. HVAC or duct replacement 12/7 rule: Studies have found that an 12 SEER AC unit installed using standard practice only performs at a 7 seer. Why: • Duct leakage • Sizing – standard requires Manual J • Air flow issue – standards requires manual D

36. Rehabilitation Mandated Standards The mandates are established as an “if” you repair/replace item A “then you must” meet the specified standard for item A • Windows • Roofing • Appliances • Hot Water System

37. Windows • Any replacement windows must meet the minimum requirements for IECC 2009 codes per the climate zone the home is located in

38. Roofing • Whenever a roof replacement is scoped that involves removing the existing decking, the new decking must have a factory installed radiant barrier surface. (Climate zones 2,3,4) • When replacing shingles, special consideration should be given to ‘high reflectivity and high emissivity shingles’ in Climate zone 2 • All powered attic ventilation fans must be removed (including solar powered)

39. DOE Standardizes Work Specifications (SWS) • Standard Work Specifications (SWS) define the minimum requirements to ensure that the work performed during energy upgrades in single-family, multifamily, and manufactured homes is effective, durable, and safe.

40. Appliances • All appliances should be replaced with Energy Star approved appliances

41. Hot Water System • When replacing an electric water heater in a garage with a home occupancy of no less than 4 people, a Hybrid Heat Pump water heater must be used. (Climate Zone 2 only) • Low flow faucet aerators and shower heads (1.5GPM shower head) must be installed in all faucets and showers

42. DOE Standard Work Specification • The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP established the Guidelines for Home Energy Professionals project to support and promote high-quality work within the weatherization and home energy upgrade industry. One of the major components of the Guidelines effort is to define high-quality work through Standard Work Specifications (SWS) for single-family, multifamily, and manufactured housing energy upgrades. www@sws.nrel.gov/

43. A glimpse into the future… • FSL and the Home Energy Solutions team are developing a “Phantom Pilot” where we will guarantee the comfort, and energy use on a 21 unit multi-family rehab project. • Taking an existing older structure down to the framing, and through consultation, and carefully timed inspection during the rehab process, we can achieve this.

44. A glimpse into the future… • Home Energy Solutions can achieve a guarantee simply through process. • Solid consultation up front. • Build a process that incorporates Quality work, Quality Control through definitive standards and verification. • We will also guarantee some single family NSP homes this coming year.

45. Success with Home Energy Upgrades • Tool AZ Home Energy Solutions developed to be used in the field to implement the SWS Success trainings: 1. Give participants tools documenting critical details, steps and work processes to ensure successful implementation in the field 2. Link participants to AZ Home Energy Solutions and Advanced Energy’s 30 years of building science experience and team of experts 3. Train participants on standard work processes that increase productivity and reduce waste

48. Home Energy Solutions • You are not alone. • We can provide consultation. • Process Development. • Quality Control trainings for your subs. • BPI Certification trainings • If it is in this industry, we train it, and consult on it!

49. Charlie Gohman, cgohman@fsl.org • Chris Baker, cbaker@fsl.org