T he S olar S ystem..

1. The Solar System..

2. OBJECTIVE-TO LEARN WHAT IS SOLAR SYSTEM AND HOW IT WORKS. • OUTCOME-TO BE ABLE TO LEARN ABOUT THE SOLAR SYSTEM.

3. A QUICK GLANCE AT THE SOLAR SYSTEM ..

4. A SHORT VIDEO

5. What is the Solar System ? The Solar System consists of the Sun and those celestial objects bound to it by gravity. These objects are the eight planets and their 166 known moons, four dwarf planets and billions of small bodies, including asteroids, icy Kuiper belt objects, comets and meteoroids, Broadly, the charted regions of the Solar System are the Sun, four terrestrial inner planets, the asteroid belt, four gas giant outer planets, the Kuiper belt, the scattered disc, and ultimately perhaps the hypothetical Oort cloud.

6. THE SUN The Sun (Latin: Sol) is the star at the centre of the Solar System. The Earth and other matter (including other planets, asteroids, meteoroids, comets, and dust) orbit the Sun, which by itself accounts for about 99.8% of the Solar System's mass. Energy from the Sun, in the form of sunlight and heat, supports almost all life on Earth via photosynthesis, and drives the Earth's climate and weather.

7. MERCURY Mercury is the innermost and smallest planet in the solar system, orbiting the Sun once every 88 days. It can only be seen in the morning and evening twilight. Comparatively little is known about it; the first of two spacecraft to approach Mercury was Mariner 10 from 1974 to 1975, which mapped only about 45% of the planet’s surface.

8. VENUS Venus is the second-closest planet to the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love. It is the brightest natural object in the night sky, except for the Moon,. Venus reaches its maximum brightness shortly before sunrise or shortly after sunset, for which reason it is often called the Morning Star or the Evening Star.

9. THE EARTH Earth is the third planet from the Sun. Earth is the largest of the terrestrial planets in the Solar System in diameter, mass and density. It is also referred to as the Earth, Planet Earth and the World. It is Home to millions of species, including humans, Earth is the only place in the universe where life is known to exist. Scientific evidence indicates that the planet formed 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within a billion years.

10. MARS Mars pronounced is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after Mars, the Roman god of war. It is also referred to as the "Red Planet" because of its reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts and polar ice caps of Earth. It is the site of Olympus Mons, the highest known mountain in the Solar System, and of Valles Marineris, the largest canyon.

11. JUPITER Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet within the Solar System. It is two and a half times as massive as all of the other planets in our Solar System combined. Jupiter is classified as a gas giant, along with Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The planet was known by astronomers of ancient times and was associated with the mythology and religious beliefs of many cultures. The Romans named the planet after the Roman god Jupiter. When viewed from Earth, Jupiter can reach an apparent magnitude of −2.8, making it the third brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus.

12. SATURN Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun and the second largest planet in the Solar System, after Jupiter. Saturn, along with Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune, is classified as a gas giant. Saturn is named after the Roman god Saturnus, equated to the Greek Kronos . The planet Saturn is composed of hydrogen, with small proportions of helium and trace elements. The interior consists of a small core of rock and ice, surrounded by a thick layer of metallic hydrogen and a gaseous outer layer. The outer atmosphere is generally bland in appearance, although long-lived features can appear. Wind speeds on Saturn can reach 1,800 km/h, significantly faster than those on Jupiter,

13. URANUS Uranus or is the seventh planet from the Sun and the third-largest and fourth-most massive planet in the solar system. It is named after the ancient Greek deity of the sky (Uranus), the father of Kronos (Saturn) and grandfather of Zeus (Jupiter). Though it is visible to the naked eye like the five classical planets, it was never recognized as a planet by ancient observers due to its dimness and slow orbit. Sir William Herschel announced its discovery on March 13, 1781, expanding the known boundaries of the solar system for the first time in modern history. This was also the first discovery of a planet made using a telescope.

14. NEPTUNE Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System. It is the fourth largest planet by diameter, and the third largest by mass. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth and is slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus, which is 15 Earth masses and less dense. The planet is named after the Roman god of the sea(Posiedon). Discovered on September 23, 1846, Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction rather than regular observation. Neptune was found within a degree of the predicted position. The moon Triton was found shortly thereafter, but none of the planet's other 12 moons were discovered before the 20th century.

15. STARS A star is a massive, luminous ball of plasma. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth. Other stars are visible in the night sky, when they are not outshone by the Sun. Astronomers can determine the mass, age, chemical composition and many other properties of a star by observing its motion through space. Other characteristics of a star are determined by its evolutionary history, including the diameter, rotation, movement and temperature. The star which is closest to the Earth is the Sun.

16. A METEORITE A meteorite is a natural object originating in outer space that survives an impact with the Earth's surface. While in space it is called a meteoroid. When it enters the atmosphere, impact pressure causes the body to heat up and emit light, thus forming a fireball, also known as a meteor or shooting star. Meteorites have been found on the Moonand Mars.

17. THE MOON The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth, and the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System. It is the largest natural satellite of a planet in the Solar System relative to the size of its primary, having 27% the diameter and 60% the density of Earth, resulting in 1⁄81 its mass. The is the Earth’s nearest neighbour in space. We can see the moon in the sky because it reflects the light from the sun . The moon seems to change its shape. This is because as it orbits the earth, different parts of the sides facing us are lit up by the sun’s light.

18. OUR GALAXY On a clear night, you may be able to see a ribbon of white across the sky. This is the milky way. It is our galaxy, the huge group of stars that is our home in space. The milky way is just one of billions of galaxies in the universe. Galaxies come in many shapes and sizes.

19. COMETS AND METEORS Meteors are brief, bright trails in the sky. They happen when grains of dust from space burn up in the earth’s air. Asteroids are much bigger lumps of rocks. Millions of asteroids orbit the sun between mars and Jupiter. comets are made up of rocks, ice and dust. When comets come close to the sun, they may have a glowing tail.

20. Planets named after the Roman (Greek) Gods… Mercury-the winged God Venus-the goddess of love(Roman) Greek- Aphrodite Mars-the God of war(Roman) Greek- ares Jupiter-king of the Gods and sky(roman) Greek- zues Saturn- father of Jupiter(roman) Greek-Kronos Uranus-father of Saturn Neptune-God of the sea(roman) Greek-posiedon Pluto-God of the underworld(roman) Greek-hades

21. AND THANKS FOR WATCHING DONE BY: THE ENVIRONMENTAL GROUP 8G5: JUMANA,ANDREA AND FARAH