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Photocynthesis

Photosynthesis. Last week we saw yeast convert sugar (glucose) into ATP (energy), ethanol, and CO2Photosynthesis is another form of respiration (making ATP)Use sunlight to make carbohydrates that are further processed into ATP (cellular respiration) Produces glucose (for cell respiration) and oxygen (O2)Occurs in the leaf which work as solar panels.

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Photocynthesis

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    1. Photocynthesis 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen

    2. Photosynthesis Last week we saw yeast convert sugar (glucose) into ATP (energy), ethanol, and CO2 Photosynthesis is another form of respiration (making ATP) Use sunlight to make carbohydrates that are further processed into ATP (cellular respiration) Produces glucose (for cell respiration) and oxygen (O2) Occurs in the leaf which work as solar panels

    3. Anatomy of a Leaf Work as natural solar panels by absorbing light rays Cells within a leaf are filled with chloroplasts Within each chloroplast are thousands of chlorophyll which are molecules that absorb the light needed for photosynthesis We will do Activity 1 on pg. 131 and label the parts on drawing on pg. 132

    4. Anatomy of a Leaf Prepared slides showing cross sections of a leaf Locate following structures: Xylem – large thick-walled cells that are part of the vein of the leaf Phloem – smaller cells in the vein Mesophyll – regions composed of a tightly packed palisades or spongy portions Upper and lower epidermis Guard cells in lower epidermis Stoma – opening between two guard cells Cuticle – covers the epidermis

    5. Anatomy of a Leaf

    6. Photosynthesis The reactants (NOT PRODUCTS!) of photosynthesis are CO2 and H2O How do these two reach the mesophyll area (where photosynthesis occurs) of the leaf? The densely packed palisade mesophyll cells maximize space efficiency for absorption of light and the process of photosynthesis The loosely packed spongy mesophyll cells facilitate diffusion of carbon dioxide to the cells

    7. Photosynthesis in Spinach Leaves We are going to determine the rate of photosynthesis in spinach leaves Take ~30 “discs” of spinach leaves and place in solution of NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate or soda water) Create a vacuum to draw out all oxygen (discs will sink to the bottom (I have done this for you) Remember: Spaces among the spongy mesophyll are filled with air causing the leaf to float. The NaHCO3 replaces the air with soda water causing it to sink As photosynthesis occurs, oxygen is produced in the spongy mesophyll causing the disc to rise

    8. Photosynthesis in Spinach Leaves Pour NaHCO3 into 3 Petri dishes (about ˝ way full) and mark them: “Dark”, “Room”, and “Light” along with a group name Take 30 spinach discs that are at the bottom of the bowl (NOT floating) and put 10 discs into each Petri dish Place the Petri dish marked “Dark” into the black plastic tub Place the petri dish marked “light” under the beaker of water that is under the lamp (water acts as a heat sink) Place the Petri dish marked “Room” on the desktop

    9. Photosynthesis in Spinach Leaves After 20 minutes, we will check the rate of photosynthesis HOW? Since we took out all the oxygen from the spinach leaves via the vacuum the only oxygen they present after 20 minutes is the oxygen they produce during photosynthesis We will be counting the number of floating discs to stand for the amount of oxygen produced (the discs sunk to the bottom of the NaHCO3 because we took away their oxygen, as they make oxygen through photosynthesis they will again rise to the top of the NaHCO3 solution) Put the number of discs in the appropriate box of the chart on the handout

    10. Other Activities Make sure to see leaf slides and label the parts on pg. 132 Look at onion cells No chloroplasts present (WHY?) Notice cell wall Look at Elodea and notice the chloroplasts LET ME SEE THE HANDOUT AT END OF CLASS FOR INCLASS HOMEWORK GRADE (IF I DON’T SEE IT, YOU DON’T GET CREDIT!)

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