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Prisoners of War and the Holocaust

Prisoners of War and the Holocaust. Match the following:. El Alamein Midway Stalingrad D-Day Iwo Jima & Okinawa Pearl Harbor. Began the liberation of western Europe from Hitler Brought Americans closer than ever to Japan; ended the island-hopping campaign

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Prisoners of War and the Holocaust

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  1. Prisoners of War and the Holocaust

  2. Match the following: • El Alamein • Midway • Stalingrad • D-Day • Iwo Jima & Okinawa • Pearl Harbor • Began the liberation of western Europe from Hitler • Brought Americans closer than ever to Japan; ended the island-hopping campaign • Cut Hitler off from Middle Eastern oil and attacking the Soviet Union from the South • Cut Hitler off from Soviet oil and turned the tide of the war on the Eastern Front • Americans defeated a much larger Japanese force; started the island-hopping campaign • Brought American into WWII

  3. Practice Questions 1. The “separate but equal” doctrine which supported the legality of “Jim Crow” laws was ruled constitutional in the Supreme Court case of – • Terry v. Ohio • Brown v. Board of Education • Dred Scott case • Plessy v. Ferguson 2.Which civil rights leader led an anti-lynching crusade, calling on the federal government to take action? • W.E.B. DuBois • Booker T. Washington • Ida B. Wells • Malcolm X

  4. Geneva Convention • In 1929, 47 countries met in Geneva, Switzerland, to discuss the treatment of Prisoners of War. • The Geneva Convention attempted to ensure the humane treatment of prisoners of war by establishing rules to be followed by all nations.

  5. Mistreatment of PoWs in the Pacific • The treatment of prisoners of war in the Pacific Theater often reflected the savagery of the fighting there. • Japanese soldiers often committed suicide rather than surrender. • As fighting was more fierce, the treatment of POWs in Asia did not follow the accords from the Geneva Convention.

  6. Bataan Death March • American prisoners of war suffered brutal treatment by the Japanese after the surrender of the Philippines. Nearly 70,000 American and Filipino soldiers were forced to surrender to the Japanese at Bataan in 1942. These troops were then marched through intense heat to a camp over 60 miles away. Somewhere between 5,000 and 11,000 soldiers died due to the lack of food and water

  7. Prisoners of War in Europe • The treatment of prisoners in Europe more closely followed the ideas of the Geneva Convention

  8. The Holocaust:Hitler’s “Final Solution”

  9. Specific groups, often the object of hatred and prejudice, faced increased risk of discrimination during World War II.

  10. Terms to Know • Holocaust: the murder of 11 million people in Europe under Hitler (6 million were Jews) • Genocide: the systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group • Final Solution: Germany’s decision to exterminate all Jews • Concentration Camp: the many locations around Europe where people were forced to work and then exterminated

  11. Groups Affected by the Holocaust • Jews: Hitler blamed the Jews of Europe for the problems in Germany; they became the scapegoat. • Poles: Hitler believed that the people from Poland should be the slaves of Germans "These are slave laborers in the Buchenwald concentration camp near Jena; many had died from malnutrition when US troops of the 80th Division enter the camp." Germany, April 16, 1945. Pvt. H. Miller

  12. Groups Affected by the Holocaust • Slavs; Hitler believed the people of Eastern Europe were racially inferior • Gypsies: another minority group which traditionally suffered from discrimination in Europe • "Undesirables”: homosexuals, mentally ill, political dissidents (especially communists) "Bones of anti-Nazi German women still are in the crematoriums in the German concentration camp at Weimar, Germany. Prisoners of all nationalities were tortured and killed." April 14, 1945. Pfc. W. Chichersky.

  13. Significance of the Holocaust

  14. Nuremberg Trials • Nazi leaders and others were convicted of war crimes. • The Nuremberg trials emphasized individual responsibility for actions during a war, regardless of orders received. • The trials led to increased demand for a Jewish homeland. (Zionism) Nuremberg Trials--Defendants in their dock: Goering, Hess, von Ribbentrop, and Keitel

  15. Creation of Israel • Great Britain’s mandate, Palestine, from World War 1 was used to create Israel and Lebanon. • The U.S. supported the creation of a Jewish State, where Jews could be free from religious persecution of a government. • This act created animosity between the Arab nations of the Middle East and the U.S. which continues today.

  16. Holocaust Journal Imagine you were an American soldier who freed the concentration camps like the soldiers in the video. Write a letter home to a loved one, explaining what you saw and how it makes you feel. The letter should be at least HALF of a sheet of paper.

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