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Francesco Lissoni   GREThA- Université Bordeaux IV;  KITES-Università Bocconi, Milan

Francesco Lissoni   GREThA- Université Bordeaux IV;  KITES-Università Bocconi, Milan . Academic Patenting in Europe (APE-INV): An Overview. APE-INV ‘s main features Database Harmonization project [which] ... … aims at re-classifying patents by inventors [and]

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Francesco Lissoni   GREThA- Université Bordeaux IV;  KITES-Università Bocconi, Milan

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  1. Francesco Lissoni  GREThA-Université Bordeaux IV; KITES-Università Bocconi, Milan Academic Patenting in Europe (APE-INV): An Overview

  2. APE-INV ‘s main features • Database Harmonization project[which] ... … aims at re-classifying patents by inventors [and] … promote(s) the collection of cross-country data … on European universities’ contribution to patenting • Research Networking Programme … no direct funding of research activities … provision of infrastructure and discussion forums … to help laying the foundations of national research initiatives

  3. APE-INV ‘s sponsors

  4. Trajtenberg M., Henderson R., Jaffe A. (1992) “Ivory Tower Versus Corporate Lab: An EmpiricalStudyofBasicResearchand Appropriability”, NBER WorkingPaperSeries4146 •  • Balconi, M., Breschi, S., & Lissoni, F. (2004). Networks of inventors and the role of academia: an exploration of Italian patent data. Research Policy, 33(1), 127-145 •  • Lissoni, F., Llerena, P., McKelvey, M., & Sanditov, B. (2008). Academic patenting in Europe: new evidence from the KEINS database. Research Evaluation, 17(2), 87-102. • Azoulay, P., Ding, W., & Stuart, T. (2007). The determinants of faculty patenting behavior: Demographics or opportunities?Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 63(4), 599-623 • … many more papers based on INVENTOR DATA Background: Fromuniversitypatentstoacademicinventors

  5. INVENTOR-BASED DATA Publicaton number, priority date, IPC class, citations etc. Patentapplications INVENTOR DISAMBIGUATION Standardisationof company names/addresses/parentco. Company-leveldata Inventor-level data set: ID, address(es)

  6. INVENTOR-PROFESSOR MATCHING EXERCISE

  7. Whatdidweknow (thatwedidnotknowbefore…)? • Academicpatentingisnot just universitypatenting IP ownership • Academicpatentingisnot just a US phenomenon • “Open Science” vs “Private technology”: • Complementarity at the individuallevel • Trade-off at the systemiclevel Whatdidn’t weknow (yet..)? • Inventors’ incentives and strategies • Ownership: Howgood are universitiesas IP assetmanagers? • Academicpatentingoutside the US: Isitincreasing? In quantity? In quality? Weneedlongitudinal data! • Inventor data: Howtoimprovequality? Howtogetfeedbacks? •  APE-INV project!

  8. APE-INV’s objectives MAIN: M1. to share expertise and methods for the creation of an inventors’ database; M2. to share expertise and methods for matching the inventors’ database with national databases of academic scientists  produce comparable countsof acad. patenting activity  collect auxiliary information on academic inventors; M3. to produce a freely available database on “academic patenting in Europe” SUBSIDIARY S1. to produce one or more joint publications; S2. to devise a method for collecting the database users’ feedbacks on the quality of the data.

  9. Activities & achievements, by objective M1. creation of an inventor database S2. method for collecting the database users’ feedbacks • Data repository and feedback platform • 2806516 inventors 2032701/2481582 individuals • 2200000 patents (EPO applications, 1978-2010) • Reference source: Worldwide Patent Statistical Database (PatStat), issued by the European Patent Office (EPO) M2. produce comparable counts of academic patenting M3. free database on “academic patenting in Europe” • APE-INV country datasets: “PUBLN_NR” + “Academ. dummy” BOTH ON APE-INV website’s DB page ( frontpagehttp:/www.academicpatenting.eu)

  10. Activities & achievements, by objective (cont.) S1. to produce one or more joint publications

  11. Academic Patenting In Europe: A Reassessment of Evidence and Research Practices Francesco Lissoni • Academic Inventions Outside the University: Investigating Patent Ownership in the UK Cornelia Lawson • University autonomy, the professor privilege and academic patenting: Italy, 1996-2007 Francesco Lissoni, Michele Pezzoni, Bianca Potì & Sandra Romagnosi • When Do Universities Own Their Patents? An Explorative Study of Patent Characteristics and Organizational Determinants in Germany AnjaSchoen & Guido Buenstorf • Academic Inventors, Scientific Impact and The Institutionalisation of Pasteur´S Quadrant In Spain CatalinaMartínez, Joaquín M. Azagra-Caro & StéphaneMaraut • The Impact of Academic Technology: Do Modes of Involvement Matter? The Flemish Case Julie Callaert, Mariette Du Plessis, Bart Van Looy & KoenraadDebackere • Academic Inventors, Technological Profiles and Patent Value: An Analysis of Academic Patent Owned by Swedish-Based Firms Daniel Ljungberg, EvangelosBourelos & Maureen Mckelvey • What Determines University Patent Commercialization? Empirical Evidence on the Role of IPR Ownership Paola Giuri, Federico Munari & Martina Pasquini

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