Introduction to J.D. Salinger ’ s: The Catcher in the Rye

1. Introduction to J.D. Salinger’s: The Catcher in the Rye

2. J.D. Salinger • 1919 – present • Has written several books about young people including The Catcher in the Rye and Franny and Zoey • Served in WWII • Has not granted an interview since 1980!

3. J.D. Salinger • Born in NYC to parents Sol and Miriam: father was Jewish, mother, Catholic • Jerome David Salinger • Recognized as one of the most popular and influential authors of American fiction during the second half of the twentieth century. • Has, by his own choice, remained out of the public eye for most of his life.

4. The Catcher in the Rye • Published in 1951 • Has sold over 65 million copies world wide! • Despite its popular success, the critical response to The Catcher in the Rye was slow in getting underway. • One of the most frequently challenged books in library history because of sex and vulgar language. • Named one of the best novels of the 20th century by Time Magazine.

5. Reasons for Banning? • Until 2006, Catcher was one of the most frequently banned books. • Mark David Chapman (assassin of John Lennon) and John Hinckley Jr. (attempted assassin of President Ronald Reagan) both had copies of the book in their pockets when they were arrested.

6. The Catcher in the Rye • Tells the story of a teenager expelled from his high school and his journey across NYC in the 1950’s. • Issues discussed in the book include: school, teachers, music, sex, alcohol, hypocrisy, family, and being a teenager. • A story is about Holden Caulfield, the 16 year old protagonist of the novel, and his experiences in school and New York City.

7. Holden’s Character and Us • Holden Caulfield = sketch of an American teenager • Nearly all readers identify with or see some of their friends reflected in different aspects of Holden’s character. • Young readers see in Holden Caulfield a little bit of what they are, while older readers see in Holden a bit of what they once were. • Ultimately, we all know that is some way, Holden is one of us.

8. Similarities between J.D. Salinger and Catcher in the Rye • J.D. Salinger attended prep schools in NYC and flunked out of McBurney School at 13 • He attended Valley Forge Military Academy and graduated at 15 • He has been referred to as a terrible liar, though this is difficult to prove/disprove • Alienation from society– Salinger seems determined to keep his life private from outsiders.

9. Big ideas Within Catcher • Conformity vs. Resistance • IDENTITY FORMATION • Perception of Truth • Changes in Values over Time

10. Point of View • First-person limited- we see this story only through Holden’s eyes • “You”- the psychoanalyst and the reader • Stream of Consciousness; many digressions • Dialect- Salinger perfected the dialect of the teenage boy • This language is the cause of much controversy over the book • This creates a very believable character

11. Directions for reading • For every chapter read you need to analyze 5 reading focuses. • Your responses to these focuses are required to include quotes, page numbers, images, and explanations. • At the end of the novel you will turn in your evidence of how these focuses have changed, and progressed.

12. Reading Focus 1: • Holden and Characters • Analyze Holden’s motivations, his personality, and his mental stability. • What’s Holden’s deal? Is there something wrong with him (is he crazy?) or is he a just a normal teenager? • How does Holden relate to all other characters in the novel?

13. Holden’s Quests • Holden is looking for THREE things: • The Innocence of Childhood • Wants things to remain the same as when he was younger • Love • Identity • What do I do with my life? What does this all mean? • How do I live up to expectations and still be an individual?

14. Characters • Holden Caulfield • Ackley • Stradlater • Jane Gallagher • Phoebe Caulfield • Allie Caulfied • D.B. Caulfield • Sally Hayes • Mr. Spencer • Carl Luce • Mr. Antolini • Maurice • Sunny • Document all characters and their include physical descriptions, inner desires, and important traits

15. Reading Focus 2: • Place and Setting • Describe each location physically and emotionally. • How do the settings impact Holden? Think about the emotions that end up happening there and describe them. • Tripline Map Project

16. Settings • Pencey Prep • New York City • Museum of Natural History • Edmont Hotel • Central Park • Phoebe and Holden’s Apartment

17. Reading Focus 3: • Symbols • There are six main symbols in the novel. You must track these symbols and think about their meaning. • Explain each symbol’s importance and significance for the novel

18. Symbols • The Carousel • The Red Hunting Cap • The Catcher’s Mitt • The Ducks in Central Park Pond • The Museum of Natural History • The Catcher in the Rye

19. Reading Focus 4: • Conflicts • There are 6 different types of conflicts in the novel. • For each of the six types of conflict, describe scenes that match the type.

20. Conflicts • Person vs. Person • Person vs. The Supernatural • Person vs. Nature • Person vs. Himself • Person vs. Technology • Person vs. Society

21. Reading Focus 5: • Themes • There are four major themes that should be tracked throughout reading the novel. • You are expected to find examples that follow these theme topics.

22. Themes • Phoniness/Societal Pressures • “phony” implies snobbery • Holden hates phonies • Adolescence/ Loss of Innocence • Holden is at the in between stage of life, in between a child and an adult • Holden wants to be accepted by children and adults, however, he doesn’t fit into either category