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Cybercrime and Cyberrelated Crimes

Cybercrime and Cyberrelated Crimes. Home. Background . Cybercrime before networked computers Hacker: now a pejorative term Computer fraud vs. computer abuse Fraud: for gain Abuse: for malice Unreported cybercrime. Properties of a cybercriminal. Are hackers cybercriminals?

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Cybercrime and Cyberrelated Crimes

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  1. Cybercrime and Cyberrelated Crimes Home

  2. Background • Cybercrime before networked computers • Hacker: now a pejorative term • Computer fraud vs. computer abuse • Fraud: for gain • Abuse: for malice • Unreported cybercrime

  3. Properties of a cybercriminal • Are hackers cybercriminals? • Precocity, curiosity, persistence • Amateur vs. professional • Motivation: greed? thrills? notoriety? • Crimes of opportunity?

  4. Famous cybercriminals • Kevin Mitnick • Robert Morris • Onel de Guzman • Mafia Boy • Dmitri • Curador • Cults

  5. Hacking vs. cracking • Hacker: enthusiast • Cracker: destructive hacker • White hat vs. black hat • General public unaware of distinction • Is all hacking criminal? • Many IT leaders were hackers

  6. Hacking and the law • Invasive activity, trespass, both, neither? • Early legislation: no distinction between malicious vs. non-malicious hacking • Physical crime: distinction between trespass and theft or vandalism • Distinction not as clear for cyberspace

  7. Cybercrime • Mere use/presence of a computer does not make a crime a cybercrime • “A criminal act in which a computer is used as the principal tool.” • Computer as a central component • Cybercrime: can be committed only with computers

  8. Three Categories of Cybercrime 1. Cyberpiracy - using cyber-technology in unauthorized ways to: a. reproduce copies of proprietary software and proprietary information, or b. distribute proprietary information (in digital form) across a computer network. 2. Cybertrespass - using cyber-technology to gain or to exceed unauthorized access to: a. an individual's or an organization's computer system, or b. a password-protected Web site. 3. Cybervandalism - using cyber-technology to unleash one or more programs that: a. disrupt the transmission of electronic information across one or more computer networks, including the Internet, or b. destroy data resident in a computer or damage a computer system's resources, or both.

  9. Figure 7-1: Cybercrimes and Cyberrelated Crimes Cybercrimes Cyberrelated Crimes Cyberexacerbated Cyberassisted Cyberspecific Income-tax cheating (with a computer) Physical assault with a computer Property damage using a computer hardware device (e.g., throwing a hardware device through a window) Cyberpiracy Cybertrespass Cybervandalism Cyberstalking Internet Pedophilia Internet Pornography

  10. Organized cybercrime • Gambling, drug trafficking, racketeering • Professionals: out for gain, more skilled, less likely to get caught • Law enforcement: • keystroke monitoring • Echelon • Entrapment • Patriot Act • Homeland Security Act

  11. Corporate espionage • Intercepted cell phone calls • Cybertech facilitates espionage • Economic Espionage Act of 1996

  12. International efforts • Jurisdiction: “where” is crime committed? • On-line gambling example • Cyberspace: a place? a medium? • ILOVEYOU: launched from Philippines, global effect, should Guzman be extradited? • Prosecution in multiple jurisdictions?

  13. Legislation • Patriot Act: Magic Lantern, vendor complicity • Back doors: potential for abuse • Technology changes too fast for law to keep up • COE Convention on Cybercrime Danger! Don’t Click Here Home

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