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Above and Beyond

Above and Beyond. Hubble Telescope. NASA named the world's first space-based optical telescope after American astronomer Edwin P. Hubble (1889–1953). Launch Date: April 24, 1990 from space shuttle Discovery Mission Duration: Up to 20 years $1.5 billion cost of launch.

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Above and Beyond

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  1. AboveandBeyond

  2. Hubble Telescope

  3. NASA named the world's first space-based optical telescope after American astronomer Edwin P. Hubble (1889–1953).

  4. Launch Date: • April 24, 1990 from space shuttle Discovery • Mission Duration: • Up to 20 years • $1.5 billion cost of launch

  5. Length: 43.5 ft (13.2 m) • Weight: 24,500 lb (11,110 kg) • Maximum Diameter: 14 ft (4.2 m) • Hubble is nearly the size of a large school bus—but it can fit inside a space shuttle cargo bay.

  6. Can Hubble take pictures of Earth? • The surface of the Earth is whizzing by as Hubble orbits, and the pointing system, designed to track the distant stars, cannot track an object on the Earth. • The shortest exposure time on any of the Hubble instruments is 0.1 seconds, and in this time Hubble moves about 700 meters. So a picture Hubble took of Earth would be all streaks.

  7. The Hubble Space Telescope whirls around Earth at a speed of five miles per second. If cars moved that fast, a coast-to-coast trip across the continental U.S. would take only 10 minutes. • Time to Complete One Orbit: 97 minutes • Speed: 17,500 mph (28,000 kph)

  8. Each day, the Hubble Space Telescope collects enough data to fill an _______________.

  9. Hubble Can’t Observe: • The Sun or Mercury, which is too close to the Sun • Hubble transmits about 120 gigabytes of science data every week. • That's equal to about 3,600 feet (1,097 meters) of books on a shelf. • The rapidly growing collection of pictures and data is stored on magneto-optical disks. • Information/pictures are taken and held for 1 year before being released to the public.

  10. In an average orbit, Hubble uses about the same amount of energy as 28 - 100-watt light bulbs. • Energy source:_______________

  11. In order to take images of distant, faint objects, Hubble must be extremely steady and accurate. • The telescope is able to lock onto a target without deviating more than 7/1000th of an arcsecond (Another measurement of angular separation, - one sixtieth of an arc minute. (1/3600th of a degree.) , or about the width of a human hair seen at a distance of 1 mile.

  12. Pointing the Hubble Space Telescope and locking onto distant celestial targets is like holding a laser light steady on a dime that is 200 miles away.

  13. Mirrors • Hubble's two mirrors were ground so that they do not deviate from a perfect curve by more than 1/800,000ths of an inch. • If Hubble’s primary mirror were scaled up to the diameter of the Earth, the biggest bump would be only six inches tall.

  14. Pictures from the Hubble Telescope • Venus

  15. Mars

  16. Jupiter – comet impacts on the planet

  17. Jupiter triple eclipse

  18. Saturn

  19. Uranus – natural colors

  20. Neptune

  21. Pluto • Pluto and Charon double photo

  22. Barred Spiral Galaxy

  23. Sombrero Galaxy

  24. Nebula • A term used to describe celestial objects which have a fuzzy, or nebulous, appearance (from the Latin for cloud.), such as gas, or dust, clouds.

  25. Orion Nebula • 4.1 billion miles across • Located 1,500 light years away

  26. Eagle Nebula M16 • This is part of the "Eagle Nebula" (also called M16 -- the 16th object in Charles Messier's 18th century catalog of "fuzzy" objects that aren't comets), a nearby star-forming region 7,000 light-years away in the constellation Serpens.

  27. Horsehead Nebula

  28. Nova • An existing ______________ which suddenly increases its brightness by more than 10 magnitudes and then slowly fades. Supernova • An ______________. • Last one in our galaxy was about 400 years ago.

  29. Mauna Kea, Hawaii

  30. The summit of Mauna Kea on the Island of Hawaii hosts the world's largest astronomical observatory, with telescopes operated by astronomers from eleven countries. • The combined light-gathering power of the telescopes on Mauna Kea is fifteen times greater than that of the Palomar telescope in California -- for many years the world's largest -- and sixty times greater than that of the Hubble Space Telescope.

  31. There are currently thirteen working telescopes near the summit of Mauna Kea. • Nine of them are for optical and infrared astronomy, three of them are for submillimeter wavelength astronomy and one is for radio astronomy.

  32. Mauna Kea ("White Mountain") is a dormant volcano on the island of Hawaii, the largest and southernmost of the Hawaiian Islands. • Mauna Kea rises 9,750 meters (32,000 ft) from the ocean floor to an altitude of 4,205 meters (13,796 ft) above sea level, which places its summit above 40 percent of the Earth's atmosphere.

  33. The atmosphere above the mountain is extremely dry -- which is important in measuring infrared and submillimeter radiation from celestial sources - and cloud-free, so that the proportion of clear nights is among the highest in the world.

  34. The exceptional stability of the atmosphere above Mauna Kea permits more detailed studies than are possible elsewhere, while its distance from city lights and a strong island-wide lighting ordinance ensure an extremely dark sky, allowing observation of the faintest galaxies that lie at the very edge of the observable Universe.

  35. Keck Telescopes • Keck 1 - left • Keck 2 - right

  36. Keck Telescopes

  37. Canada – France – Hawaii Telescope

  38. Star trails above the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. The shortest bright trail belonds to Polaris - the pole star.

  39. UH 2.2 meter telescope • Optical/IR telescope used mainly by UH faculty and students

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