Basic Concepts of Democracy

1. Basic Concepts of Democracy

2. Democracies • From the Greek demos (people) and kratia (to rule). Thus ~ rule by the people Too simple & naïve • Democracy is a system of government in which people select policy makers so that policies reflect the will of those governed. (explain…)

3. Two forms of Democracy • Direct democracy allows the people the authority to govern themselves directly • People make and vote on policies in forums • Only exist in small communities today

4. Two forms of Democracy • Representative democracy people select representatives and give them authority to make laws and run the government • Also known as: republic, indirect democracy and constitutional republic • Still in all, power ultimately rests with the public • Legitimacy and Revolution?

5. Characteristics of Democracies • Individual liberty • Majority rule with consideration of the rights of the minority • Free elections • Competing political parties

6. Characteristics of DemocraciesIndividual Liberty • Freedom of speech does not give a person the right to scream, “Fire!” In a crowded theater ~ Oliver Wendell HolmesExplain…. • Remember the social contract, we agree to give up freedom for security and the rule of law. • Civil liberties (freedom) is relative not absolute.

7. Characteristics of DemocraciesMajority Rule with Minority Rights • Minority refers to numerical minority not race • Elections are won by the candidate who wins the majority of votes. (Duh!) • However, those who hold power should be considerate of the minority because the minority can become the majority. • Representative legislatures prevent “tyranny of the majority”(Explain…)

8. Characteristics of DemocraciesFree Elections • Free and open elections are the cornerstone of a democracy. (Explain…) • Amendments 15, 17, 19, 23,24, & 26 have extended voting rights • Every vote carries the same weight • Candidates are able to express views freely • Legal voting requirements are kept to a minimum (Examples…) • Ballots are secret (Australian Ballot) (So...)

9. Characteristics of DemocraciesCompeting Political Parties • A political party is a group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates, win elections, run government and make public policy. • Parties give voters a choice and voice. A vote is a statement (Explain…) • Parties should clarify issues and educate the public, • Parties also serve as watchdogs