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Session 2

Session 2. Putting Home Safety in Context. Death and Injury Statistics. Accidents are a major cause of death and injury in the UK Each year on average…. 13,000 people die 500,000 people are admitted to hospital 7 million people attend A & E. Accidental Deaths (UK 2002).

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Session 2

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  1. Session 2 Putting Home Safety in Context

  2. Death and Injury Statistics Accidents are a major cause of death and injury in the UK Each year on average… • 13,000 people die • 500,000 people are admitted to hospital • 7 million people attend A & E

  3. Accidental Deaths (UK 2002) Total Deaths = 12,367 estimated 34% Other 32% Home 29% Road 3% Work Source:Office of National Statistics, Registrar’s General Scotland and Northern Ireland 2002

  4. It’ll Never Happen To Me…

  5. The Child Health Picture How do injuries compare to other child health problems ? Diseases of the Nervous System 1 – 4 years Congenital Abnormalities Injuries Diseases of Nervous System 5-14 years Cancer Injuries 80 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Death rate per million population Source: ONS 1997

  6. The Scale Of The Problem During 2002: • Its estimated that over 320 children under the age of 15 died as the result of an accident • Over 2 million children attended A&E as a result of accidents – about half of these happen in the home. Source: Child Accident Prevention Trust

  7. Home Accidents to Children Facts: • 42% of all accidents involve falls of some kind (9 deaths) • 72% of burn and scald injuries to children happen to the under 5s • Accidents involving glass have increases over recent years • Around 27,000 receive hospital treatment as a result of poisoning

  8. Home Accidents to Children by Injury – UK 2002 Source: Home Accident Surveillance System 2002

  9. Suspected Poisonings Involving Household Items National Estimate 33,272 UK 2002 Source: Home Accident Surveillance System 2002

  10. Location Of AccidentsAge 0-4 – UK 2002 Unspecified outdoors 12% Unspecified/indoors 13% Stairs inside 7% Bedroom 12% Bathroom 3% Hall/Lobby 3% Kitchen Utility 9% Garden 8% Patio/terrace 4% Living room/Dining room 23% Other 6% Source: Home Accident Surveillance System 2002

  11. Location Of AccidentsAge 0-14 – UK 2002 Source: Home Accident Surveillance System 2002

  12. Where Do Accidents Happen? • The most serious happen in the kitchen and on the stairs • The largest number of accidents happen in the living room

  13. When Do Accidents Happen ? • The most common time of day for accidents to occur is in the evening between 6.00 and 7.00pm • More accidents happen on a Sunday than any other day of the week • More accidents happen in the summer with a peak in July

  14. Causes of Accidents Behavioural • Lapses of attention • Mistaken actions • Attitude • Immaturity • Immobility • Environmental • Design • Product safety • Layout of room • Social factors • Inequalities • Culture • Isolation/loneliness

  15. Why Do Children Have Accidents? Small stature Inquisitiveness Bravado and horse play Stress Inexperience Inadequate supervision

  16. The Cost Of Accidents The annual treatment costs of accidents is estimated at : £2.2 billion (7% of NHS expenditure) £200 million – child accidents

  17. Who Is At Risk ? • On average one child in twelve will be treated for a home accident, each year • Half of those treated will be under four • Boys are more likely to have an accident than girls • Children are more likely to revisit A&E following another accident

  18. Interventions • Education • Environment • Engineering • Enforcement • Empowerment

  19. Prevention • Primary • Preventing the accident from happening. • Secondary • Reducing the risk of severity of injury once the event has occurred. • Tertiary • Minimising the consequences of an injury

  20. Prevention • Active • Safety achieved by a deliberate action • Passive • Prevention provided without the need for repeated human actions.

  21. Active Putting hot and cold water in the bath separately Putting medicines out of reach of children Use rear hotplates on cooker and turn handles away from front Passive Fitting a thermostatic mixing valve to hot water Supplying medicines in a Child-resistant containers Building houses with mains-powered smoke Alarms Prevention

  22. A Final Thought… Accidental injury is the biggest single cause of death in UK children 3 children die in accidents every day Accidents result in 10,000 children being permanently disabled each year

  23. A Happy Ending…

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