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Gemstones and Crystals

Gemstones and Crystals. Carley Nuzzo and Brad Henning November 26, 2013. 3 TYPES OF ROCK. Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic. Igneous Covers 1/3 of Earths surface. Intrusive Example - Granite Extrusive Example - Volcanic Rock Example - Obsidian Rock.

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Gemstones and Crystals

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  1. Gemstones and Crystals Carley Nuzzo and Brad Henning November 26, 2013

  2. 3 TYPES OF ROCK • Igneous • Sedimentary • Metamorphic

  3. IgneousCovers 1/3 of Earths surface • Intrusive • Example - Granite • Extrusive • Example - Volcanic Rock • Example - Obsidian Rock

  4. Stonehenge: Dolerite “Blue Stones” (Igneous)

  5. Mount Rushmore – Granite (Igneous)

  6. Sedimentary80% to 90% of Rock on Earth’s Surface • Created by Deposits on Earth Surface From Wind, Water or Ice • Created From Decaying Materials • Example – Coal and Fossils

  7. Painted Desert - Sandstone

  8. Metamorphic • Created when Existing Rocks are subjected to pressure or temperature changes: • Dynamic Pressure • Thermal Pressure • Regional Change

  9. Dynamic Pressure – Folded Rock, Ireland

  10. Thermal Pressure – Salisbury Crag, Scotland

  11. Regional Change – Mountain Ranges

  12. Sedimentary Rock to Metamorphic Rock - Marble

  13. Minerals • Materials From Which Rocks are Made • Includes metalliferous ores, such as gold, silver, lead, copper and titanium

  14. Crystals • Are Minerals and/or Rocks at Various Points in the Formation • Usually Polished or Cut

  15. Gemstones • Any mineral that is highly prized for it’s beauty, durability and rarity. • Altered Shape by Cutting and Polishing

  16. Example: Hope Diamond

  17. Example: Queen Elizabeth's Crown

  18. Example: Cambridge Lovers Knot Tiara

  19. Example: Native American Jewellery-Turquoise and Silver

  20. Example: Egyptian Jewellery- Lapis Lazuli

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