FTP

1. FTP CS106

2. Learning Objectives • Identify the TCP/IP protocol used to transfer files to a server • Identify where to locate FTP applications • Identify FTP applications used to transfer files to the Web Server • Use an FTP application to transfer files to a Web Server • Locate resources related to FTPing files to the Web Servers

3. FTP “The Internet was primarily created so that researchers could exchange ideas and share the results of their work. it stands to reason, then, that one of the basic Internet services would be to enable people to copy files from one computer to another. FTP, which stands for File Transfer Protocol, is that basic internet service.” Searching & Researching, Ackermann & Hartman, p. 243

4. FTP Architecture N IE N IE • FTP, provides a way to transfer binary files over a TCP/IP network • FTP is still more efficient than HTTP

5. FTP Architecture N • FTP uses 2 ports for file transfer • one to send files • one to receive them • one is the FTP server • one is the FTP client (logs onto the server) • The FTP client gives the server commands for • downloading files • uploading files • creating server directories • changing server directories

6. CONNECTING TO A UNIX SERVER • UNIX-type of systems includes full complement of Internet tools. e.g., Telnet, FTP, SSH, SFTP etc. use a program such as secure shell (SSH) to connect to a UNIX system • Telnet – no longer included with Vista OS. There are security issues, so many servers don’t run it.

7. Other Methods • What is VPS, VMWARE,Remote Desktop? • WebDAVn Context Editing • Content Managed Systems • Dreamweaver - Publishing

8. Why FTP? It’s commonly used nowadays to distribute software over the Internet. (downloading) Using FTP, you can also transfer a file from your computer to another. (uploading) This technique is used to create/update Web pages. (Work on one computer— then transfer the file to the Web server)(Specific login and password needed)

9. FTP • FTP is File Transfer Protocol • Used to transfer files from a client to a server • Works at the application layer of TCP/IP • Requires an FTP Server which will process the request to transfer files • The default port for FTP is 21 • File Access • Also, sometimes just because the file can be transferred, it doesn’t mean the other side can open the file. Sometimes translator programs are required. Some translators are built into the programs. Some programs require the file to be transferred as ASCII or Binary. • If it’s in a ZIP file, it’s compressed and will have to be uncompressed with a utility such as WinZip.

10. Your Configuration Data • Profile Name: • Server Host Name/Address: • Host Type: Automatic detect • Supplies by your instructor: • Username: __________________ • Password: __________________

11. FTP in DOS-Command Window • FTP has been available in DOS for a while • GO to Start | Run | Command Prompt (or CMD) • Type ftp to start the application • Use Open to open a connection to the server • Once open, you can use Get and Put commands to upload and download files, Dir to list files • MGet and MPut are used for multiple files • Quit is used to exit the program

12. Using The Browser • Directions to FTP Using Browser • Easiest & cheapest • ftp://username@www.theserver.com • You will then be asked your password • You can put the password in the URL – but it’s not recommended (username:password) because it shows up in the history list, bookmarks, and others may see it

13. Anonymous FTP Publicly available files are retrieved through anonymous FTP, so called because no special password, other than “anonymous” is needed. • When you use FTP, you need to have a user account on the server. • The FTP server sometimes allows you to use an anonymous account. You can often use your email address as your username or anonymous, or guest. • A computer system that allows others to connect to it through anonymous FTP is called an anonymous FTP site or an FTP archive. • Usually anonymous users can only read (download)files

14. Where to locate FTP applications? • Locate from www.Tucows.com or a mirror site at tucows.tierranet.com What are mirror sites used for?

15. FTP Clients - WWW Review • True “dedicated” FTP Clients • WS_FTP32 (shareware) - student disk • log on with user name & password • Browser & other programs (WWW131) • ftp://<site>.[<subdir>...].<file> • Put method • built into http protocol version HTTP 1.1 • needs Write permission set

16. CoreFTPLite • FTP – File Transfer Protocol. Most of us just need to transfer files to the server. You can use FTP or secure FTP known as SFTP. • Core FTP Lite is Free • http://www.coreftp.com/ • This has support for SSH/SFTP • I also use WS_FTP LE (no longer available – you have to find an old version) from Ipswitch and their WS_FTP Pro Version. • The LE didn’t have support for the SSH/SFTP so I use it only when I just need non-secure access to the content.

17. CoreFTPLite • Try IT! - Look at the settings, especially connection type, port, and host name. • Save your settings. • Once you are done, click Connect. • Once you are logged in, you can change directories, make and delete directories, copy files to the server and download files. • You can view the directory tree as shown in the figure, by clicking on the directory icon on the far right. • You can always see your file path to the current directory. • commands in the top, like CWD for change working directory. • date the file was uploaded and the size in Kbyte as well as the permissions.

18. Colossus – Select SSH/SFTP

19. Transfer Files

20. DEMO • Your instructor will demo FTP for you. • Create a folder for yourself on the Web Server. • FTP one of your files to your folder on the server. • View the file in the browser.

21. FTP-SFTP-SSH • Always verify the settings • Don’t ever save your password! Others will have access to it! • It’s best to delete your username when you are finished There is also CuteFTP, FTP Explorer and CoffeeCup FTP programs! So many to choose from. Be safe. Download only from reputable web sites like downloads.cnet.com.

22. FTP Explorer (FTPX) • This program looks and operates much like Windows Explorer. • It is available for download from • http://www.ftpx.com. • Instructions for downloading and installing www.oakton.edu/resource/it/ftp/ftpxinstructions.htm • download, install, and configure the program first • setup a specific directory to go to

23. LAB Activity After the Holiday • Your task : • Locate a domain name and hosting service provider that you would choose if you needed to setup a web site. • Locate an FTP program that you would also use to transfer files • Practice using FTP • Upload your final project

24. Important Concepts • Configuration of FTP and WWW Server • Microsoft Management Console • Property sheets • Home Directory – map the same folder • Directory browsing • Logging and Error handling • Installing FTP and WWW Services • Verify services are running • Set firewalls to allow Http on port 80 • Local web servers testing • Go to Localhost We will go in depth in CS275!

25. Default FTP Site • At IIS installation a Default FTP site is created • Default directory structure • c:\Inetpub\FTPROOT

26. Default FTP Site • There are FTP Property Sheets (like WWW) • Master, Default, and File Properties are configurable • FTP Site • Security Accounts • Messages • Home Directory • Directory Security

27. FTP Site • Identification is the Name of the FTP Site • IP and TCP ports are configurable • Default TCP port is 21

28. Security Accounts • Can allow or prevent anonymous connections • Note that the username is the default anonymous user that was installed during IIS installation • The Anonymous account is IUSR_MachineName • Browse to browse for a Windows user account. • Can create an FTP account for each ftp site with specific user account

29. Security Accounts • Can force anonymous connections so that users cannot log in with their windows accounts Why would you not want them to use a windows account when they log in as anonymous?

30. Security Accounts • Set up IS account “right” to "Log on locally" to the NT system. • WHO ARE YOU?

31. Home Directory • Identify the path to the ftp share in the Local Path or Browse • Default directory c:\Inetpub\ftproot

32. Home Directory Property Sheet Log Access • Enables record visits to this folder in a log file We will cover logs in the next course

33. Configure FTP Services HTMLA • To configure and administer the FTP Services use: • MMC/ISM (preferred) • HSP specific interface • HTMLA (old) • WSH (old)