1 / 22

Easy and inexpensive production of small quantities of 15 N 2

Easy and inexpensive production of small quantities of 15 N 2. Step-by-step tutorial (Prepared by Juan-Pablo Hernandez). Material and equipment needed :. The following four solutions are prepared at room temperature with non-ionized water:

fern
Download Presentation

Easy and inexpensive production of small quantities of 15 N 2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Easy and inexpensive production of small quantities of 15N2 Step-by-step tutorial (Prepared by Juan-Pablo Hernandez)

  2. Material and equipment needed: • The following four solutions are prepared at room temperature with non-ionized water: • Solution A: 2.0 M (15NH4)2SO4 (98%, Cambridge Isotope Labs, Andover, MA, USA), • Solution B: 4.5 M LiOBr (see detail for preparation in this website), • Solution C: 20 mM KMnO4 acidified with 1% (v/v) concentrated HCl, • Solution D: water acidified with 1% (v/v) concentrated HCl.

  3. Material and equipment needed: • One 1-ml disposable syringe • Another small syringe as appropriate for the volume of gas required for the experiment (see Procedure 2 below) • Five 60-ml disposable syringes

  4. Material and equipment needed: • Five polypropylene luer (a standard plastic twist-type tubing fitting which is found on most large plastic syringes) female barb connectors to accommodate 1.6 mm i.d. tubing (Upchurch Scientific, Oak Harbor, WA, USA) • One polypropylene male barbed union to accommodate 1.6 mm i.d. tubing • 25 cm of Tygon transmission tubing 1.6 mm i.d. cut into five equal lengths, (Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics, Akron, OH, USA).

  5. General description The two initial reagents A and B (reagents are described above) are placed separately in two syringes, eliminating all air. The reagents are mixed by connecting the two syringes together with tubing and injecting one into the other. The resulting gas is transferred through connecting tubing to a third syringe, in which it is sparged with solution C, and finally to a fourth syringe, in which it is sparged with solution D. A fifth syringe is used as the storage receptacle for the finished product. Hereafter, these syringes are designated as syringes #1–5.

  6. Inject it into syringe 1 with the barbed connector momentarily removed to allow access to the tip The headspace and tubing air is removed, and a tubing clamp is placed at the liquid–air boundary as close to the open end of the tubing as possible, but leaving room for the barbed union. Procedure 1 Load 0.9 ml of solution A, containing 1.8 mmol of 15N

  7. Syringe #2 is loaded with 20 ml of solution B, again eliminating air and clamping.

  8. Syringe 2 Syringe 1 Syringe assemblies #1 and #2 are then connected with the barbed union. Both clamps are removed, and the solution in syringe #2 is pumped into syringe #1, resulting in gas immediately forming in syringe #1 and displacing the plunger. Care is taken not to allow the gas to push the plunger out of syringe #1, so that any excess gas will transfer to syringe #2.

  9. Syringe 2 Syringe 1 The syringes are shaken to ensure complete reaction of the reagents. When the reaction stops, all gas is collected in syringe #1 and all liquid is collected in syringe #2.

  10. Syringe 2 Syringe 1 The tubing of syringe #1 is clamped at the liquid–gas boundary to avoid losing gas or introducing air. The liquid in syringe #2 is discarded

  11. 20 ml Syringe 3 Syringe 1 20 ml of solution C is drawn up into syringe # 3 and air eliminated

  12. Syringe 3 Syringe 1 The gas is transferred to syringe #3 from syringe #1 by connecting them with the barbed union, as described above, and removing and reapplying clamps as necessary.

  13. Syringe 3 Syringe 1 Syringe #3 is shaken vigorously to eliminate oxides from the gas

  14. 20 ml of solution D Syringe 3 Syringe 4 20 ml of solution D is loaded into syringe #4, the gas is transferred from syringe #3 to syringe #4

  15. Syringe 4 Syringe #4 is shaken vigorously

  16. Syringe 5 Syringe 4 With care being taken to eliminate all liquid, the gas is transferred to syringe #5, which is used for storing and dispensing the gas

  17. Procedure 2 Syringe 5 The tubing of syringe #5 is punctured with the small syringe close to the tubing clamp

  18. Syringe 5 Gas is forced into the small syringe by retracting its plunger while depressing that of syringe #5

  19. Syringe 5 transfer more than the desired volume of gas to the small syringe, and then force the plunger of syringe #5 back with the small syringe

  20. Syringe 5 A second tubing clamp is placed on the tubing to isolate the puncture point and thus not lose gas from syringe #5

  21. The small syringe is withdrawn from the tubing, allowing some gas to escape and equalizing the pressure to atmospheric Then the gas in the small syringe is injected immediately into a sample bottle of the subject experiment

  22. Tips: • It is far easier to produce the 15N gas than it seems • Please repeat the slide show until every step is crystal clear • If you will do it properly, you will save significant amount of your research funds by producing your own 15N gas

More Related