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An Introduction to Information Systems

An Introduction to Information Systems. Chapter 1. Principles and Learning Objectives. The value of information is directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve the organization’s goals.

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An Introduction to Information Systems

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  1. An Introduction to Information Systems Chapter 1 MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  2. Principles and Learning Objectives • The value of information is directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve the organization’s goals. • Distinguish data from information and describe the characteristics used to evaluate the quality of data. MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  3. Principles and Learning Objectives • Models, computers, and information systems are constantly making it possible for organizations to improve the way they conduct business. • Name the components of an information system and describe several system characteristics. • Identify four basic types of models and explain how they are used. MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  4. Principles and Learning Objectives • Knowing the potential impact of information systems and having the ability to put this knowledge to work can result in a successful personal career, organizations that reach their goals, and a society with a higher quality of life. • Identify the basic types of business information systems and discuss who uses them, how they are used, and what kinds of benefits they deliver. MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  5. Principles and Learning Objectives • System users, business managers, and information systems professionals must work together to build a successful information system. • Identify the major steps of the systems development process and state the goal of each. • Discuss why it is important to study and understand information systems. MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  6. Information Concepts MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  7. Information System A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information, and provide feedback to meet an objective • Examples: ATMs, airline reservation systems, course reservation systems MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  8. Data vs. Information • Data: raw facts • Information: collection of facts organized in such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselves MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  9. Types of Data MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  10. Data vs. Information MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  11. The Characteristics of Valuable Information MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  12. The Characteristics of Valuable Information MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  13. The Characteristics of Valuable Information MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  14. System and Modeling Concepts MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  15. System A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals • Input • Processing mechanism • Feedback • Output • System boundary MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  16. Components of a System MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  17. System and Modeling Concepts MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  18. System Performance and Standards • Efficiency: output/input • Effectiveness: extent to which system attains its goals • Performance standard: specific objective of a system MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  19. System Variables and Parameters • System variable - item controlled by decision-maker • System parameter - value that cannot be controlled MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  20. Systems Classification MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  21. System Performance and Standards MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  22. Modeling a System MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  23. Modeling a System • A model is an abstraction that is used to represent reality • 4 major types of models • A narrative model is based on words • Logical, not physical • A physical model is tangible • A schematic model is a graphic representation • Graphs and charts • A mathematical model is an arithmetic representation MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  24. What Is An Information System? MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  25. Components of an Information System MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  26. Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS) MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  27. Components of a CBIS MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  28. Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  29. Telecommunications, Networks, and the Internet MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  30. Business Information Systems MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  31. Business Information Systems • Electronic Commerce • Transaction Processing Systems • Management Information Systems • Decision Support Systems MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  32. E-Commerce • Business-to-business • Business-to-consumer • Business-to-government • Government-to-consumer MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  33. Electronic Commerce MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  34. Transaction Processing Systems A transaction processing system (TPS) is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions. • Process business exchanges • Maintain records about the exchanges • Handle routine, yet critical, tasks • Perform simple calculations MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  35. Payroll Transaction ProcessingSystem MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  36. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) • Integrated programs that can manage a company’s entire set of business operations • Often coordinate planning, inventory control, production, and ordering MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  37. Management Information Systems (MIS) • Routine information for routine decisions • Operational efficiency • Use transaction data as main input • Databases integrate MIS in different functional areas MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  38. Management Information Systems (MIS) MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  39. MIS Outputs • Scheduled reports • Demand reports • Exception reports MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  40. Decision Support Systems (DSS) • DSS- A decision support system is an organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to support problem-specific decision making. • Interactive support for non-routine decisions or problems • End-users are more involved in creating a DSS than an MIS MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  41. Essential DSS Elements MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  42. Special-Purpose Business Information Systems • Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems • Virtual Reality Systems • Expert Systems • Other Special-Purpose Business Information Systems MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  43. The Major Elements of Artificial Intelligence MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  44. Virtual Reality MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  45. Data Glove MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  46. Systems Development MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  47. Why Learn About Information Systems? • Advance in your career • Solve problems • Realize opportunities • Meet your career goals MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  48. Computer and Information System Literacy • Computer literacy - knowledge of computer systems and equipment • Information system literacy - knowledge of how data and information are used MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  49. Information Systems in Functional Areas of Business • Finance and Accounting • Sales and Marketing • Manufacturing MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

  50. Information Systems in Industry • Investment firms • Banks • Publishing companies • Healthcare organizations • Management consulting firms MSIS 110: Introduction to Computers; Instructor: S. Mathiyalakan

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